Download or read book A Comparison between Direct Method and Grammar Translation Method Different Language Teaching Methods written by Bernd-Peter Liegener and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-10-22 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, grade: 82%, , language: English, abstract: Two methods of teaching foreign languages, the “Direct Method” and the “Grammar Translation Method” are described and compared. The underlying principles with main focus on acquisition of communicative skills and grammatical knowledge respectively are illustrated. Looking at possible results of either method we find that there is no gradual difference between them in the sense of better or worse, but that both have completely different targets. The suggestion is made to combine different methods in order to achieve multiple goals and to vary the emphasis according to individual goals. The most ancient and probably most fundamental controversy in language teaching is the one between “Direct Method” and “Grammar Translation Method”. Both of these have totally different underlying approaches. For interested educational stakeholders or educators, there are two important questions, they should think of before looking for an appropriate method: What do I want the students to achieve? How can the learners reach this goal? One can think of different goals which should be reached by teaching a language and every teacher will want to cover most of them in their teaching. The emphasis however is very divers between the different approaches that have been developed over the years. And the most apparent difference, a completely different idea of how to teach language shows up between the two mentioned methods and their approaches respectively. This is why it is so interesting and exciting to compare these two methods and this is why I will try to tackle that task in this paper. The first and main goal of teaching a language obviously is teaching the language. But here rises already the first question: What is the language that we want the learners to learn? Are we talking about skills in oral or written language? Is our focus more on active or passive language i.e. on speaking and writing or listening and reading respectively? Are we concerned about correctness or fluency? Does correctness mean formulating grammatically correct sentences or texts, does it refer to perfect pronunciation and intonation, are we talking about style aptly adapted to the contextual situation? And does fluency have to do with the speed of writing or speaking, with the ability to develop own ideas and own formulations while speaking or writing rather than using memorized phrases? Or do we want the learners to know about the language, understanding its structure, its roots, its development?
Download or read book The Elements of Foreign Language Teaching written by Walter Grauberg and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 1997 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents an integrated description of learning and teaching foreign languages in general, and French and German in particular. Vocabulary, pronunciation, listening, reading, speaking and writing are discussed with a threefold approach: through a linguistic description, an analysis of the learning process and many practical suggestions for teaching.
Download or read book Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching written by Jack C. Richards and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-04-09 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In addition to the approaches and methods covered in the first edition, this edition includes new chapters, such as whole language, multiple intelligences, neurolinguistic programming, competency-based language teaching, co-operative language learning, content-based instruction, task-based language teaching, and The Post-Methods Era.
Download or read book Teaching the Spoken Language written by Gillian Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983-11-24 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the authors examine the nature of spoken language and how it differs from written language both in form and purpose. A large part of it is concerned with principles and techniques for teaching spoken production and listening comprehension. An important chapter deals with how to assess spoken language. The principles and techniques described apply to the teaching of English as a foreign and second language and are also highly relevant to the teaching of the mother tongue
Download or read book Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching written by Diane Larsen-Freeman and published by Oxford University. This book was released on 2000 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a practical overview of the most important methods in the field. Readers are drawn into classrooms where various teaching methods and approaches are being used. They are encouraged to reflect on their own beliefs and to develop their own approach to language teaching. - Publisher.
Download or read book Implicit and Explicit Knowledge in Second Language Learning Testing and Teaching written by Rod Ellis and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2009-06-19 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The implicit/ explicit distinction is central to our understanding of the nature of L2 acquisition. This book begins with an account of how this distinction applies to L2 learning, knowledge and instruction. It then reports a series of studies describing the development of a battery of tests providing relatively discrete measurements of L2 explicit/ implicit knowledge. These tests were then utilized to examine a number of key issues in SLA - the learning difficulty of different grammatical structures, the role of L2 implicit/ explicit knowledge in language proficiency, the relationship between learning experiences and learners’ language knowledge profiles, the metalinguistic knowledge of teacher trainees and the effects of different types of form-focused instruction on L2 acquisition. The book concludes with a consideration of how the tests can be further developed and applied in the study of L2 acquisition.
Download or read book Film Language written by Christian Metz and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pioneer in the field, Christian Metz applies insights of structural linguistics to the language of film. "The semiology of film . . . can be held to date from the publication in 1964 of the famous essay by Christian Metz, 'Le cinéma: langue ou langage?'"—Geoffrey Nowell-Smith, Times Literary Supplement "Modern film theory begins with Metz."—Constance Penley, coeditor of Camera Obscura "Any consideration of semiology in relation to the particular field signifying practice of film passes inevitably through a reference to the work of Christian Metz. . . . The first book to be written in this field, [Film Language] is important not merely because of this primacy but also because of the issues it raises . . . issues that have become crucial to the contemporary argument."—Stephen Heath, Screen
Download or read book Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching 3rd edition Oxford Handbooks for Language Teachers written by Diane Larsen-Freeman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-18 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching has influenced the way thousands of teachers have taught English. This classic guide to developing the way you teach has been an essential resource to new and experienced teachers worldwide, and is now in its third edition. Each chapter focuses on a different teaching approach, describing it being used in the classroom, analyzing what happened, and helping you think how you could apply it to your own teaching. New features of the third edition include: a new discussion on the political dimensions of language teaching, a new digital technology chapter, and extended coverage of content-based and task-based approaches. On this site you will find additional resources, including author videos in which Diane Larsen-Freeman and Marti Anderson talk about the background to the book and new innovations in language teaching which are discussed in the third edition.
Download or read book Current Language Teaching Approaches written by Ahmad Altasan and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-11-17 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2016 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, University of Western Sydney, course: Teaching English to Speakers of Other Language (TESOL), language: English, abstract: The spread of English in the era of globalization has led to a growing need for good communication skills in English. Hence there is a strong demand for an appropriate teaching methodology. Language teaching has gone through many changes in terms of methodologies used. First, the traditional approaches which focus on the mastery of grammar and then the communicative language teaching CLT emerged. In this essay, I am going to give a critical overview and comparison of these approaches with examples from English language teaching settings in Australia.
Download or read book Teaching Foreign Languages in Schools written by Caleb Gattegno and published by Educational Solutions World. This book was released on 2010-07-30 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Gattegno introduces The Silent Way as a solution to the challenges of teaching and learning foreign languages. He explains how to maximize learning through the use of materials and the selection of subject matter. He argues that students can learn a new language without memorizing vocabulary or repeating after the teacher. Instead, by learning through real-world linguistic situations, students can gain relevant experiences in the new language.
Download or read book Method for Teaching Modern Languages written by Maximilian Delphinus Berlitz and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methods of Foreign Language Teaching in the 19th and 20th Century written by Katharina Baron and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2006-10-29 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2006 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, grade: 1.3, http://www.uni-jena.de/ (Institut für Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: PS: Didactic Aspects of Second Language Acqusition , language: English, abstract: During the history of foreign language teaching many methods and approaches have been developed to teach students language competence and performance. In this respect more or less successful techniques have been developed. Literature often distinguishes between methods and approaches used in language teaching. Jack Richards and Theodore Rodgers “describe an approach as a set of beliefs and principles that can be used as the basis for teaching a language”. They can be interpreted and applied individually and extended by new methods. According to Richards and Rodgers, methods are teaching systems that are specific about teaching techniques and the roles of learners and teachers. They do not allow interpretation and are acquired by the teachers through training. In the following essay mainly teaching methods will be described. Beginning with the Grammar Translation method and ending with Humanistic approaches, this essay will focus on a couple of the main foreign language teaching methods and approaches in the 19th and 20th century. First it will be described how language teaching approaches and method can be analysed. Then some techniques will be explained. Here the focus will be on the main principles of the techniques and their effect on the learner. From some minor methods and approaches only central aspects will be considered.
Download or read book Scott Thornbury s 30 Language Teaching Methods Pocket Editions written by Scott Thornbury and published by Cambridge University Press and Assessment. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This easy-to-read book groups methods according to what they have in common, even if separated in time. At the same time, it rehabilitates some lost or forgotten methods, with a view to challenging current orthodoxies, especially with regard to such topics as translation, rote learning, authenticity, and communication. In doing this it aims to unpack, not just the history of methods, but the beliefs that underpin them and the benefits that still might possibly accrue from experimenting with them. Through its inclusion of interesting characters, intriguing anecdotes, and often bizarre techniques, the material is absorbing and engaging.
Download or read book Natural Language Processing with Python written by Steven Bird and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2009-06-12 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a highly accessible introduction to natural language processing, the field that supports a variety of language technologies, from predictive text and email filtering to automatic summarization and translation. With it, you'll learn how to write Python programs that work with large collections of unstructured text. You'll access richly annotated datasets using a comprehensive range of linguistic data structures, and you'll understand the main algorithms for analyzing the content and structure of written communication. Packed with examples and exercises, Natural Language Processing with Python will help you: Extract information from unstructured text, either to guess the topic or identify "named entities" Analyze linguistic structure in text, including parsing and semantic analysis Access popular linguistic databases, including WordNet and treebanks Integrate techniques drawn from fields as diverse as linguistics and artificial intelligence This book will help you gain practical skills in natural language processing using the Python programming language and the Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK) open source library. If you're interested in developing web applications, analyzing multilingual news sources, or documenting endangered languages -- or if you're simply curious to have a programmer's perspective on how human language works -- you'll find Natural Language Processing with Python both fascinating and immensely useful.
Download or read book Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics written by Jack C. Richards and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-04 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This best-selling dictionary is now in its 4th edition. Specifically written for students of language teaching and applied linguistics, it has become an indispensible resource for those engaged in courses in TEFL, TESOL, applied linguistics and introductory courses in general linguistics. Fully revised, this new edition includes over 350 new entries. Previous definitions have been revised or replaced in order to make this the most up-to-date and comprehensive dictionary available. Providing straightforward and accessible explanations of difficult terms and ideas in applied linguistics, this dictionary offers: Nearly 3000 detailed entries, from subject areas such as teaching methodology, curriculum development, sociolinguistics, syntax and phonetics. Clear and accurate definitions which assume no prior knowledge of the subject matter helpful diagrams and tables cross references throughout, linking related subject areas for ease of reference, and helping to broaden students' knowledge The Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics is the definitive resource for students.
Download or read book Latin by the Natural Method written by William Most and published by . This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the Preface: Most Americans who have studied Latin, with our priests and seminarians included, have employed this method, which they thought was 'traditional'. But as something fully developed, this tradition scarcely goes farther back than 1880; and even in its beginnings it hardly antedates the seventeenth century. In contrast to this method of grammatical analysis, Father Most's textbooks reproduce much of the "natural method" by which children learn their native language. Hence, the significance of Father Most's books is manifestly great for the Latin classes in any Catholic high schools or colleges. So much of our Catholic doctrine and culture have been deposited in Latin that we want many of our educated Catholics to be able to use Latin with ease. But the special significance of Father Most's texts is for the Latin classes in our seminaries. Here the students still have much the same cogent motives to master the art of using Latin with ease as the pupils of the thirteenth or sixteenth century. They need it as an indispensable means of communicating thought in their higher studies, and afterwards throughout life. The objectives (knowledge about Latin and training of mind) and corresponding methods (grammatical analysis and translation) "traditional" since 1880 have taken over in our seminaries; and there too the students have been experiencing an ever growing inability to use Latin. Father Most's textbooks can contribute much towards revolutionizing the teaching of Latin by bringing back, as the chief objective, the art of reading, writing, and (when desired) speaking Latin with ease." Fr. Most's textbooks can be classed in categories of similar texts, such as Hans Ørberg's Lingua Latina, as well as Ecce Romani which is a simplification of Ørberg or others which aim to teach Latin not even so much as a modern language, as to teach it by a method more natural to the philosophy of learning Languages. Fr. Most's text follows the view that Latin of the later period is actually more advanced in communicating ideas and is easier to learn than Latin of the classical period, and thus this Second Volume begins the transition with readings and vocabulary from the Vulgate, continuing with the more ancient collects of the 1962 Missale Romanum, St. Cyprian and culminating with a reading from the Roman Historian Sallust. This is an excellent text applying the "natural method" with English language instruction to help the student read and understand Latin natively, with numerous vehicles for simplifying the necessary memorization as well as aiding in truly understanding Latin without constant need to look in a dictionary for rudimentary sentences. This is reprinted from the 1960 edition, and follows the presentation of the text found in that edition.
Download or read book The Context of Language Teaching written by Jack C. Richards and published by . This book was released on 1985-04-26 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an important collection of papers by a distinguished personality in the field. Topics covered include second language acquisition, syllabus design, methodology and methods, listening, speaking, vocabulary and grammar. Issues in applied linguistics are summarised and presented with clarity and their practical implications explored, thus making the vital connection between theory and practice in language teaching. Language teachers and students of applied linguistics will find this collection contains a wide range of recent work in linguistics presented in a lucid and highly accessible form.
