Download or read book A Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Urban Growth Boundary Programs Utilized by the Metropolitan Areas of Lansing East Lansing Michigan and Lincoln Nebraska written by Matthew Simmont and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 944 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Grants Index written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Division of Research Grants and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 1464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rethinking Property Tax Incentives for Business written by Daphne A. Kenyon and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of property tax incentives for business by local governments throughout the United States has escalated over the last 50 years. While there is little evidence that these tax incentives are an effective instrument to promote economic development, they cost state and local governments $5 to $10 billion each year in forgone revenue. Three major obstacles can impede the success of property tax incentives as an economic development tool. First, incentives are unlikely to have a significant impact on a firm's profitability since property taxes are a small part of the total costs for most businesses--averaging much less than 1 percent of total costs for the U.S. manufacturing sector. Second, tax breaks are sometimes given to businesses that would have chosen the same location even without the incentives. When this happens, property tax incentives merely deplete the tax base without promoting economic development. Third, widespread use of incentives within a metropolitan area reduces their effectiveness, because when firms can obtain similar tax breaks in most jurisdictions, incentives are less likely to affect business location decisions. This report reviews five types of property tax incentives and examines their characteristics, costs, and effectiveness: property tax abatement programs; tax increment finance; enterprise zones; firm-specific property tax incentives; and property tax exemptions in connection with issuance of industrial development bonds. Alternatives to tax incentives should be considered by policy makers, such as customized job training, labor market intermediaries, and business support services. State and local governments also can pursue a policy of broad-based taxes with low tax rates or adopt split-rate property taxation with lower taxes on buildings than land.State policy makers are in a good position to increase the effectiveness of property tax incentives since they control how local governments use them. For example, states can restrict the use of incentives to certain geographic areas or certain types of facilities; publish information on the use of property tax incentives; conduct studies on their effectiveness; and reduce destructive local tax competition by not reimbursing local governments for revenue they forgo when they award property tax incentives.Local government officials can make wiser use of property tax incentives for business and avoid such incentives when their costs exceed their benefits. Localities should set clear criteria for the types of projects eligible for incentives; limit tax breaks to mobile facilities that export goods or services out of the region; involve tax administrators and other stakeholders in decisions to grant incentives; cooperate on economic development with other jurisdictions in the area; and be clear from the outset that not all businesses that ask for an incentive will receive one.Despite a generally poor record in promoting economic development, property tax incentives continue to be used. The goal is laudable: attracting new businesses to a jurisdiction can increase income or employment, expand the tax base, and revitalize distressed urban areas. In a best case scenario, attracting a large facility can increase worker productivity and draw related firms to the area, creating a positive feedback loop. This report offers recommendations to improve the odds of achieving these economic development goals.
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Popular Mechanics written by and published by . This book was released on 2000-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popular Mechanics inspires, instructs and influences readers to help them master the modern world. Whether it’s practical DIY home-improvement tips, gadgets and digital technology, information on the newest cars or the latest breakthroughs in science -- PM is the ultimate guide to our high-tech lifestyle.
Download or read book Agricultural Education Magazine written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conference Papers Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 1198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monthly. Papers presented at recent meeting held all over the world by scientific, technical, engineering and medical groups. Sources are meeting programs and abstract publications, as well as questionnaires. Arranged under 17 subject sections, 7 of direct interest to the life scientist. Full programs of meetings listed under sections. Entry gives citation number, paper title, name, mailing address, and any ordering number assigned. Quarterly and annual indexes to subjects, authors, and programs (not available in monthly issues).
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index 1861 1972 Geography and geology written by Xerox University Microfilms and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index Business Economics L Z written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Working Mother written by and published by . This book was released on 2002-10 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The magazine that helps career moms balance their personal and professional lives.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information and foreign nonnuclear information.
Download or read book ERIC Educational Documents Index written by Educational Resources Information Center (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A subject-author-institution index which provides titles and accession numbers to the document and report literature that was announced in the monthly issues of Resources in education" (earlier called Research in education).
Download or read book ERIC Educational Documents Index 1966 1969 Major descriptors written by CCM Information Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fair Housing Planning Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
