Download or read book A Comparative Study of Mercury and Selenium Concentrations in Fish Tissues of the Fountain Creek Watershed Colorado USA written by Catherine M. McGarvy and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To date there have been no published studies done on heavy metal content in fish tissues of the Fountain Creek Watershed Colorado, despite several instances of waste dumping and an increase in urbanization of the area. Six different fish species were collected throughout the watershed at fourteen different sites by way of electroshocking. Each fish was measured, weighed, and examined internally for gravidity. If the fish was determined to be a gravid female; liver, ovary, muscle, and skin tissues were collected for analysis. The rest of the fish, as well as those that were not gravid, were then processes into a homogenized slurry by using a blender. The slurry was then dried and transferred to Teflon tubes before ICP-MS analysis. Mercury concentrations were highest in Upper Fountain Creek (UF-sites), and Monument Creek (MC-sites); ranging from a mean of 284.5 μg/kg at MC-1 and decreased in mean concentration as elevation decreased to a low mean of 59.3 μg/kg at LF-2. The UF-sites and MC-sites showed lower concentrations of selenium ranging from 7.55 μg/kg at UF-2 and increased as elevation decreased to the lowest mean of 9.51 μg/kg at LF-4. This trend was shown with whole-body homogenate concentrations as well as individual tissue-type concentrations were consistently higher in muscle tissue where as selenium concentrations were higher in ovarian tissue. The data suggest accumulation of mercury and selenium is occurring within the icthyofauna of the Fountain Creek Watershed; however, more research is needed to determine if the effects are detrimental to any of the six fish species studied.
Download or read book Mercury Concentrations in Water and Mercury and Selenium Concentrations in Fish from Brownlee Reservoir and Selected Sites in Boise and Snake Rivers Idaho and Oregon 2013 written by Dorene E. MacCoy and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury (Hg) analyses were conducted on samples of sport fish and water collected from six sampling sites in the Boise and Snake Rivers, and Brownlee Reservoir to meet National Pollution Discharge and Elimination System (NPDES) permit requirements for the City of Boise, Idaho. A water sample was collected from each site during October and November 2013 by the City of Boise personnel and was analyzed by the Boise City Public Works Water Quality Laboratory. Total Hg concentrations in unfiltered water samples ranged from 0.73 to 1.21 nanograms per liter (ng/L) at five river sites; total Hg concentration was highest (8.78 ng/L) in a water sample from Brownlee Reservoir. All Hg concentrations in water samples were less than the EPA Hg chronic aquatic life criterion in Idaho (12 ng/L). The EPA recommended a water-quality criterion of 0.30 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) methylmercury (MeHg) expressed as a fish-tissue residue value (wet-weight MeHg in fish tissue). MeHg residue in fish tissue is considered to be equivalent to total Hg in fish muscle tissue and is referred to as Hg in this report. The Idaho Department of Environmental Quality adopted the EPA's fish-tissue criterion and a reasonable potential to exceed (RPTE) threshold 20 percent lower than the criterion or greater than 0.24 mg/kg based on an average concentration of 10 fish from a receiving waterbody. NPDES permitted discharge to waters with fish having Hg concentrations exceeding 0.24 mg/kg are said to have a reasonable potential to exceed the water-quality criterion and thus are subject to additional permit obligations, such as requirements for increased monitoring and the development of a Hg minimization plan. The Idaho Fish Consumption Advisory Program (IFCAP) issues fish advisories to protect general and sensitive populations of fish consumers and has developed an action level of 0.22 mg/kg wet weight Hg in fish tissue. Fish consumption advisories are water body- and species-specific and are used to advise of allowable fish consumption from specific water bodies. The geometric mean Hg concentration of 10 fish of a single species collected from a single water body (lake or stream) in Idaho is compared to the action level to determine if a fish consumption advisory should be issued. The U.S. Geological Survey collected and analyzed individual fillets of mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) for Hg. The median Hg concentration of 0.32 mg/kg exceeded the Idaho water-quality criterion at the site in Brownlee Reservoir. Average Hg concentrations from Brownlee Reservoir (0.32 mg/kg) and the Boise River at mouth (0.33 mg/kg) exceeded the Hg RPTE threshold (>0.24 mg/kg). IFCAP action levels also were exceeded at the sites on Brownlee Reservoir and at the mouth of the Boise River. Median Hg concentrations in fish at the remaining four river sites were less than 0.20 mg/kg with average concentrations ranging from 0.14 to 0.21 mg/kg Hg. Selenium (Se) analysis also was conducted on one composite fish tissue sample per site to screen for general concentrations and to provide information for future risk assessments. Concentrations of Se ranged from 0.07 to 0.49 mg/kg wet weight; average concentrations were highest in smallmouth bass (0.40 mg/kg) and lowest in mountain whitefish (0.12 mg/kg).
Download or read book Selenium Concentrations in the Tissues of Fish from the Upper McLeod and Upper Smoky River Systems written by W. C. MacKay and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study compared selenium in fish tissues from flowing water systems near three westcentral Alberta mountain coal mines in the upper McLeod and Smoky River systems to the toxicity effects thresholds developed by Lemly (1996). The main objective of this report is to assess and document data on selenium concentrations observed in fish tissue samples from a variety of fish species collected in 2000 and 2001. A secondary objective was to begin to evaluate the suitability of other fish species as key receptors with respect to selenium monitoring.
Download or read book Mercury Concentrations in Water and Mercury and Selenium Concentrations in Fish from Brownlee Reservoir and Selected Sites in the Boise and Snake Rivers Idaho and Oregon 2013 15 written by Marshall L. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury (Hg) analyses were conducted on samples of sport fish and water collected from selected sampling sites in Brownlee Reservoir and the Boise and Snake Rivers to meet National Pollution Discharge and Elimination System (NPDES) permit requirements for the City of Boise, Idaho, between 2013 and 2015. City of Boise personnel collected water samples from six sites between October and November 2013 and 2015, with one site sampled in 2014. Total Hg concentrations in unfiltered water samples ranged from 0.48 to 8.8 nanograms per liter (ng/L), with the highest value in Brownlee Reservoir in 2013. All Hg concentrations in water samples were less than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Hg chronic aquatic life criterion of 12 ng/L. The USEPA recommended a water-quality criterion of 0.30 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) methylmercury (MeHg) expressed as a fish-tissue residue value (wet-weight MeHg in fish tissue). The Idaho Department of Environmental Quality adopted the USEPA's fish-tissue criterion and established a reasonable potential to exceed (RPTE) threshold 20 percent lower than the criterion or greater than 0.24 mg/kg Hg based on an average concentration of 10 fish from a receiving waterbody. NPDES permitted discharge to waters with fish having Hg concentrations exceeding 0.24 mg/kg are said to have a reasonable potential to exceed the water-quality criterion and thus are subject to additional permit obligations, such as requirements for increased monitoring and the development of a Hg minimization plan. The Idaho Fish Consumption Advisory Program (IFCAP) issues fish advisories to protect general and sensitive populations of fish consumers and has developed an action level of 0.22 mg/kg Hg in fish tissue. Fish consumption advisories are water body- and species-specific and are used to advise allowable fish consumption from specific water bodies. The geometric mean Hg concentration of 10 fish of a single species collected from a single water body (lake or stream) in Idaho is compared to the action level to determine if a fish consumption advisory should be issued. The U.S. Geological Survey collected and analyzed individual fillets of mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) for Hg. The 2013 average Hg concentration for small mouth bass (0.32 mg/kg) collected at Brownlee Reservoir and for channel catfish (0.33 mg/kg) collected at the Boise River mouth, exceeded the Idaho water quality criterion (>0.3 mg/kg), the Hg RPTE threshold (>0.24 mg/kg), and the IFCAP action level (>0.22 mg/kg). Average Hg concentrations in fish collected in 2014 or 2015 did not exceed evaluation criteria for any of the species assessed. Selenium (Se) analysis was conducted on one composite fish tissue sample per site to assess general concentrations and to provide information for future risk assessments. Composite concentrations of Se in fish tissue collected between 2013 and 2015 ranged from 0.07 and 0.49 mg/kg wet weight with the highest concentration collected from smallmouth bass from the Snake River near Murphy, and the lowest from mountain whitefish from the Boise River at Eckert Road.
Download or read book Occurrence of Selenium and Mercury in Surface Water Wind River Indian Reservation Wyoming 1995 written by Melanie L. Clark and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selenium and Mercury Concentrations in Fish Wolford Mountain Reservoir Colorado 2005 written by Nancy J. Bauch and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Selenium Hazards to Fish Wildlife and Invertebrates written by Ronald Eisler and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Zinc Cadmium Mercury and Selenium in Greenland Fish written by Frank Riget and published by Museum Tusculanum Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report on the Peer Consultation Workshop on Selenium Aquatic Toxicity and Bioaccumulation written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Areas Susceptible to Irrigation induced Selenium Contamination of Water and Biota in the Western United States written by R. L. Seiler and published by Geological Survey (USGS). This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book JV Task 96 Phase 2 Investigating the Importance of the Mercury Selenium Interaction written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to improve the understanding of the mercury issue, it is vital to study mercury's effects on selenium physiology. While mercury present in the environment or food sources may pose health risks, the protective effects of selenium have not been adequately considered in establishing regulatory policy. Numerous studies report that vulnerability to mercury toxicity is inversely proportional to selenium status or level. However, selenium status has not been considered in the development of the reference dosage levels for mercury exposure. Experimental animals fed low-selenium diets are far more vulnerable to mercury toxicity than animals fed normal selenium, and animals fed selenium-rich diets are even more resistant. Selenium-dependent enzymes in brain and endocrine tissues can be impaired by excessive mercury exposure, apparently because mercury has an extremely high binding affinity for selenium. When selenium becomes bound to mercury, it is unable to participate in the metabolic cycling of selenoprotein synthesis. Because of mercury-dependent impairments of selenoprotein synthesis, various antioxidant and regulatory functions in brain biochemistry are compromised. This report details a 2-year multiclient-funded research program designed to examine the interactions between mercury and selenium in animal models. The studies explored the effects of dietary intakes of toxic amounts of methylmercury and the protective effects of the normal dietary range of selenium in counteracting mercury toxicity. This study finds that the amounts of selenium present in ocean fish are sufficient to protect against far larger quantities of methylmercury than those present in typical seafoods. Toxic effects of methylmercury exposure were not directly proportional to mercury concentrations in blood, brain, or any other tissues. Instead, mercury toxicity was proportional to molar ratios of mercury relative to selenium. In order to accurately assess risk associated with methylmercury or mercury exposures, mercury-selenium ratios appear to be far more accurate and effective in identifying risk and protecting human and environmental health. This study also finds that methylmercury toxicity can be effectively treated by dietary selenium, preventing the death and progressive disabilities that otherwise occur in methylmercury-treated subjects. Remarkably, the positive response to selenium therapy was essentially equivalent regardless of whether or not toxic amounts of methylmercury were still administered. The findings of the Physiologically Oriented Integration of Nutrients and Toxins (POINT) models of the effects of mercury and selenium developed in this project are consistent with the hypothesis that mercury toxicity arises because of mercury-dependent inhibition of selenium availability in brain and endocrine tissues. This appears to occur through synergistic effects of mercury-dependent inhibition of selenium transport to these tissues and selective sequestration of the selenium present in the tissues. Compromised transport of selenium to the brain and endocrine tissues would be particularly hazardous to the developing fetus because the rapidly growing tissues of the child have no selenium reserves. Therefore, maternal consumption of foods with high mercury-selenium ratios is hazardous. In summation, methylmercury exposure is unlikely to cause harm in populations that eat selenium-rich diets but may cause harm among populations that consume certain foods that have methylmercury present in excess of selenium.
Download or read book Preliminary Evaluation of Selenium Concentrations in Ground and Surface Water Soils Sediment and Biota from Selected Areas in the Western United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mercury Bioaccumulation in Fish in a Region Affected by Historic Gold Mining written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Relations Between Water Quality and Mercury Fish Tissue Concentrations for Natural Lakes and Impoundments in South Dakota written by Cindie McCutcheon and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Dakota has six lakes and impoundments that exceed mercury fish tissue advisory limits of 1.0 mg kg−1 for consumption. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), United States fish consumption limits should be at a much lower 0.3 mg kg−1. This study determined water quality parameters that are capable of predicting whether water bodies will have mercury fish tissue concentrations exceeding EPA's threshold fish consumption advisory limit of 0.3 mg kg−1 mercury by statistically comparing mercury fish tissue concentrations to water quality parameters. Phosphorus, alkalinity, pH, DOC, and sulfur have been shown through past studies to influence mercury fish tissue concentration. These water quality parameters, as well as others were collected from the South Dakota Department of Environmental and Natural Resources. (SD DENR). Mercury fish tissue data were collected by the South Dakota Game Fish and Parks (SD GFP). Statistical analyses employed included linear regression, boxplots, binary logistic regression, Akaike's Information Criterion, and stepwise logistic regression. Significant water quality parameters predicting increased mercury concentrations of northern pike in impoundments were phosphorus and pH. For northern pike in natural lakes for this study concluded that alkalinity was the most significant water quality parameter predicting increased mercury concentrations. Mercury concentrations in walleye in natural lakes were influenced by pH and alkalinity.
Download or read book Selenium Hazards to Fish Wildlife and Invertebrates written by Ronald Eisler and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Heavy Metal Concentration in Fish Tissue of the Upper Clark Fork River written by Wayne P. Van Meter and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Bioaccumulation of Selenium in Aquatic Ecosystems written by Richard Scott Ogle and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
