Download or read book A Comparative Economic Study of Away from Reactor Spent Fuel Storage written by John Guy Cesare (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spent Nuclear Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spent Nuclear Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A nuclear power reactor operator, confronted with rising spent fuel inventories that would soon exceed storage capacity, has several options to remedy this situation: transshipment, reracking of existing at-reactor storage basins (ARB), new ARB's, and away-from-reactor (AFR) basins. This report examines the latter two cases where a macro-economic comparison of each storage system is developed. The AFR storage system proved to be significantly more economical. This analysis indicates that 46 ARB's would be needed to meet storage requirements compared to only three AFR's. The total discounted costs associated with building new ARB's and AFR's are $4.7 billion and $1.2 billion respectively.
Download or read book International Nuclear Spent Fuel Storage Programs written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on International Security and Scientific Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economics of National Waste Terminal Storage Spent Fuel Pricing Study written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The methodology for equitably pricing commercial nuclear spent fuel management is developed, and the results of four sample calculations are presented. The spent fuel management program analyzed places encapsulated spent fuel in bedded salt while maintaining long-term retrievability. System design was reasonable but not optimum. When required, privately-owned Away From Reactor (AFR) storage is provided and the spent fuel placed in AFR storage is eventually transported to final storage. Applicable Research and Development and Government Overhead are included. The cost of each component by year was estimated from the most recent applicable data source available. These costs were input to the pricing methodology to establish a one-time charge whose present value exactly recovered the present value of the expenditure flow. The four cases exercised were combinations of a high and a low quantity of spent fuel managed, with a single repository (venture) or a multiple repository (campaign) approach to system financial structure. The price for spent fuel management calculated ranged from 116 to 152 dollars (1978) per kilogram charged initially to the reactor. The effect of spent fuel receiving rate on price is illustrated by the fact that the extremes of price did not coincide with the cases having the extremes of undiscounted cost. These prices for spent fuel management are comparable in magnitude to other fuel cycle costs. The range of variation is small because of compensating effects, i.e., additional costs for high early deliveries (AFR and transportation) versus lower present value of future revenue for later delivery cases. The methodology contains numerous conservative assumptions, provisions for contingencies, and covers the complete set of spent fuel management expenses.
Download or read book Spent Fuel Storage Requirements written by United States. Department of Energy. Division of Spent Fuel Storage and Transfer and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Away from reactor Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel written by Patricia M. Dinneen and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spent Nuclear Fuel written by United States. Department of Energy. Office of Transportation and Fuel Storage and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economics of At reactor Spent Fuel Storage Alternatives written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates of costs that would be incurred by a utility providing enhanced storage capability for spent LWR fuel are presented. The cost data are arranged to assist in estimating and evaluating costs for specific storage situations. Estimated storage costs are provided in a series of tables providing cost factors or arrays for each alternative method of storage considered, and the additional costs involved in various options of pre-storage preparation of the fuel. Cost data are provided for (1) storage enhancement within an existing storage pool, by reracking and/or consolidation of fuel; (2) construction and use of an additional, separate water basin for storage; and (3) utilization of dry storage options. Costs are given for canning of integral assemblies and for consolidation and canning of fuel. In each case, the storage facilities are assumed to be located at an existing reactor site. If a separate site were to be utilized for storage, appropriate site development and maintenance costs would need to be added. The basic cost tables are tied togeter by a decision tree logic diagram designed to simulate the decision steps a utility planner might take in selecting from alternative storage technologies to best meet the requirements of his situation. Using the decision tree and its associated tables, example calculations were made to show the life cycle storage costs for a hypothetical case assuming a pressurized water reactor (PWR) site. The reactor was assumed to discharge 40 assemblies (18.4 MTU) of spent fuel each year; costs were estimated for storage periods of 1, 5, and 15 yrs, respectively. Discounted life cycle storage costs in thousands of dollars and unit costs in dollars per kilogram of initial uranium content are shown for this hypothetical site. Cost for spent fuel storage are dependent upon conditions at each reactor site and the most economical method is not expected to be the same at all sites.
Download or read book Spent Fuel Storage Requirements written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economics of Spent LWR Fuel Storage written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A power reactor operator, confronted with rising spent fuel inventories that would soon exceed his storage capacity, has to decide what to do with this fuel if he wants to continue reactor operations. A low cost option would be to ship excess fuel from the overburdened reactor to another reactor in the utility's system that has available space. The only cost would be for cask leasing and shipping. Three other alternatives all require considerable capital expenditures: reracking, new at-reactor (AR) basins for storage, and away-from-reactor (AFR) basins for storage. Economic considerations for each of the alternatives are compared.
Download or read book Economics of Water Basin Storage of Spent Light Water Reactor Fuel written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the International Spent Fuel Storage program, a preliminary Venture Guidance Assessment of the cost was made. The escalated cost of a reference facility with a capacity to receive 2000 MT/y of spent LWR fuel and to store 5000 MT in water-filled pools was converted to $180 million in 1978 dollars for a stand-alone facility. It was estimated that the receiving rate could be increased to 3000 MT/y for an additional $15 million and that increments could be added to the storage capacity for $13 million per 1000 MT. If a receipt rate of more than 3000 MT/y is required, a new facility in another part of the country might be built to reduce total costs including transportation. Operating costs are determined by the number of people employed and by the costs of stainless steel baskets. An operating crew of 150 is required for the reference facility; the associated cost, including overhead and supplies, is $6 million. During an extended storage-only period, this cost is assumed to drop to $4 million. Fuel baskets are estimated to cost $6.20/kg of spent fuel averaged over a reactor mix of two-thirds PWRs and one-third BWRs. The nominal basket requirements of $10 million for the first year are capitalized. If the facility is financed by the government and a one-time fee is charged to recover all of the away-from-reactor (AFR) basin costs, the fee is about $60/kg of spent fuel plus any government surcharge to cover research and development, overhead, and additional contingencies. If the facility is financed by industry with an annual charge that includes a fixed charge on capital of 25%, the annual fee is about $16/kg-y. In calculating both fees, it is assumed that each storage position is occupied for ten years. 8 tables.
Download or read book Economic Analyses of LWR Fuel Cycles written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An economic comparison was made of three options for handling irradiated light-water reactor (LWR) fuel. These options are reprocessing of spent reactor fuel and subsequent recycle of both uranium and plutonium, reprocessing and recycle of uranium only, and direct terminal storage of spent fuel not reprocessed. The comparison was based on a peak-installed nuclear capacity of 507 GWe by CY 2000 and retirement of reactors after 30 years of service. Results of the study indicate that: Through the year 2000, recycle of uranium and plutonium in LWRs saves about $12 billion (FY 1977 dollars) compared with the throwaway cycle, but this amounts to only about 1.3% of the total cost of generating electricity by nuclear power. If deferred costs are included for fuel that has been discharged from reactors but not reprocessed, the economic advantage increases to $17.7 billion. Recycle of uranium only (storage of plutonium) is approximately $7 billion more expensive than the throwaway fuel cycle and is, therefore, not considered an economically viable option. The throwaway fuel cycle ultimately requires>40% more uranium resources (U3O) than does reprocessing spent fuel where both uranium and plutonium are recycled.
Download or read book Guidebook on Spent Fuel Storage written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidebook is a revised version of Technical Reports Series No. 240, published in 1984. It provides a summary of the experience and information in many areas related to spent fuel storage. It will allow a better understanding of the many problems involved and permit countries that are planning for or operating nuclear power reactors to review the issues in a more informative manner. In view of the large quantity of spent fuel discharged from nuclear power plants, long term storage is currently the primary option for the management of spent fuel. The proven wet storage concept is expected to continue to be used in the future. The design and the technological, economic and material problems of safe spent fuel storage will remain a focus of attention, with particular emphasis on dry storage technology, rod consolidation and other advanced concepts.
Download or read book Selection of Away from reactor Facilities for Spent Fuel Storage written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the continuing accumulation of spent fuel at reactor sites, the demand for additional storage of spent fuel at AFR (away from reactor) facilities is growing. It is an issue for most Member States generating nuclear power, including those countries pursuing reprocessing. There are a diversity of technical options and services available which offer competitive, reliable solutions to meet the storage requirements. In particular, dry storage technologies have been widely applied. The selection of the most appropriate product or service among the range of options available for a project involves the consideration of a number of factors, both technical and non-technical. This publication is intended to provide a review of the key factors associated with selection of an option for AFR facilities for spent fuel storage, together with a discussion of the generic methodology for the decision making, thereby providing guidance on practical approaches to project implementation.
Download or read book Away From Reactor Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel written by Rand Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Costing of Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage written by J. S. Lee and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides guidance on the methods for estimating spent fuel storage costs. It includes basic cost input data breakdowns and cost analysis methods for project evaluation and comparison between options. Financial and business aspects of spent fuel storage are also discussed. Surveys of key software tools and example calculations are given in the annexes.
