Download or read book A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence written by Vijay Nagarajan and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2020-02-04 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many modern computer systems, including homogeneous and heterogeneous architectures, support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both high-level concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. This second edition reflects a decade of advancements since the first edition and includes, among other more modest changes, two new chapters: one on consistency and coherence for non-CPU accelerators (with a focus on GPUs) and one that points to formal work and tools on consistency and coherence.
Download or read book Scalable Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by Michel Dubois and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematics of Computing -- Parallelism.
Download or read book Design and Evaluation of Directory based Cache Coherence Systems written by Brian Walter O'Krafka and published by Ann Arbor, Mich. : University Microfilms International. This book was released on 1991 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Primer on Memory Consistency and Cache Coherence written by Daniel Sorin and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011-03-02 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many modern computer systems and most multicore chips (chip multiprocessors) support shared memory in hardware. In a shared memory system, each of the processor cores may read and write to a single shared address space. For a shared memory machine, the memory consistency model defines the architecturally visible behavior of its memory system. Consistency definitions provide rules about loads and stores (or memory reads and writes) and how they act upon memory. As part of supporting a memory consistency model, many machines also provide cache coherence protocols that ensure that multiple cached copies of data are kept up-to-date. The goal of this primer is to provide readers with a basic understanding of consistency and coherence. This understanding includes both the issues that must be solved as well as a variety of solutions. We present both highlevel concepts as well as specific, concrete examples from real-world systems. Table of Contents: Preface / Introduction to Consistency and Coherence / Coherence Basics / Memory Consistency Motivation and Sequential Consistency / Total Store Order and the x86 Memory Model / Relaxed Memory Consistency / Coherence Protocols / Snooping Coherence Protocols / Directory Coherence Protocols / Advanced Topics in Coherence / Author Biographies
Download or read book Microarchitecture of Network on Chip Routers written by Giorgos Dimitrakopoulos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unified overview of network-on-chip router micro-architecture, the corresponding design opportunities and challenges, and existing solutions to overcome these challenges. The discussion focuses on the heart of a NoC, the NoC router, and how it interacts with the rest of the system. Coverage includes both basic and advanced design techniques that cover the entire router design space including router organization, flow control, pipelined operation, buffering architectures, as well as allocators’ structure and algorithms. Router micro-architectural options are presented in a step-by-step manner beginning from the basic design principles. Even highly sophisticated design alternatives are categorized and broken down to simpler pieces that can be understood easily and analyzed. This book is an invaluable reference for system, architecture, circuit, and EDA researchers and developers, who are interested in understanding the overall picture of NoC routers' architecture, the associated design challenges, and the available solutions.
Download or read book Optical WDM Networks written by Krishna M. Sivalingam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-03-31 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical WDM networking technology is spearheading a bandwidth revolution in the networking infrastructure being developed for the next generation Internet. Rapid advances in optical components have enabled the transition from point-to-point WDM links to all-optical networking. Optical WDM Networks: Principles and Practice presents some of the most important challenges facing the optical networking community, along with some suggested solutions. Earlier textbooks in optical networking have a narrower perspective, and rapidly advancing research has created the need for fresh and current information on problems and issues in the field. The volume editors and contributing authors have endeavoured to capture a substantial subset of the key problems and known solutions to these problems. All of the chapters are original contributions from leading international researchers. The chapters address a wide variety of topics, including the state of the art in WDM technology, physical components that make up WDM fiber-optic networks, medium access protocols, wavelength routed networks, optical access networks, network management, and performance evaluation of wavelength routing networks. The chapters also survey critical points in past research and tackle more recent problems. Practitioners and network product engineers interested in current state-of-the-art information beyond textbook-type coverage, and graduate students commencing research in this area, will appreciate the concise - and pertinent - information presented herein.
Download or read book Parallel Programming and Applications written by Peter Fritzson and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ZEUS (Centres of European Supercomputing) is a network for information exchange and co-operation between European Supercomputer Centres. During the fall of 1994 the idea was put forward to start an annual workshop to stimulate the exchange of ideas and experience in parallel programming and computing between researchers and users from industry and academia. The first workshop in this series, the ZEUS '95 Workshop on Parallel Programming and Computation, is organized at Linkoping University, where the Swedish ZEUS centre, NSC (National Supercomputer Centre) is located. This is open for all researchers and users in the field of parallel computing.
Download or read book Introduction to Parallel Processing written by Behrooz Parhami and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE CONTEXT OF PARALLEL PROCESSING The field of digital computer architecture has grown explosively in the past two decades. Through a steady stream of experimental research, tool-building efforts, and theoretical studies, the design of an instruction-set architecture, once considered an art, has been transformed into one of the most quantitative branches of computer technology. At the same time, better understanding of various forms of concurrency, from standard pipelining to massive parallelism, and invention of architectural structures to support a reasonably efficient and user-friendly programming model for such systems, has allowed hardware performance to continue its exponential growth. This trend is expected to continue in the near future. This explosive growth, linked with the expectation that performance will continue its exponential rise with each new generation of hardware and that (in stark contrast to software) computer hardware will function correctly as soon as it comes off the assembly line, has its down side. It has led to unprecedented hardware complexity and almost intolerable dev- opment costs. The challenge facing current and future computer designers is to institute simplicity where we now have complexity; to use fundamental theories being developed in this area to gain performance and ease-of-use benefits from simpler circuits; to understand the interplay between technological capabilities and limitations, on the one hand, and design decisions based on user and application requirements on the other.
Download or read book Euro Par 96 Parallel Processing written by Luc Bougé and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1996-08-14 with total page 968 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Content Description #Includes bibliographical references and index.
Download or read book Computer Aided Verification written by Kim G. Larsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-04-22 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of the third International Workshop on Computer Aided Verification, CAV '91, held in Aalborg, Denmark, July 1-4, 1991. The objective of this series of workshops is to bring together researchers and practitioners interested in the development and use of methods, tools and theories for automatic verification of (finite) state systems. The workshop provides a unique opportunity for comparing the numerous verification methods and associated verification tools, and the extent to which they may be utilized in application design. The emphasis is not only on new research results but also on the application of existing results to real verification problems. The papers in the volume areorganized into sections on equivalence checking, model checking, applications, tools for process algebras, the state explosion problem, symbolic model checking, verification and transformation techniques, higher order logic, partial order approaches, hardware verification, timed specification and verification, and automata.
Download or read book Issues in Electrical Computer and Optical Engineering 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Electrical, Computer, and Optical Engineering: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Electrical, Computer, and Optical Engineering. The editors have built Issues in Electrical, Computer, and Optical Engineering: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Electrical, Computer, and Optical Engineering in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Electrical, Computer, and Optical Engineering: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Scalable Shared Memory Multiprocessors written by Michel Dubois and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The workshop on Scalable Shared Memory Multiprocessors took place on May 26 and 27 1990 at the Stouffer Madison Hotel in Seattle, Washington as a prelude to the 1990 International Symposium on Computer Architecture. About 100 participants listened for two days to the presentations of 22 invited The motivation for this workshop was to speakers, from academia and industry. promote the free exchange of ideas among researchers working on shared-memory multiprocessor architectures. There was ample opportunity to argue with speakers, and certainly participants did not refrain a bit from doing so. Clearly, the problem of scalability in shared-memory multiprocessors is still a wide-open question. We were even unable to agree on a definition of "scalability". Authors had more than six months to prepare their manuscript, and therefore the papers included in this proceedings are refinements of the speakers' presentations, based on the criticisms received at the workshop. As a result, 17 authors contributed to these proceedings. We wish to thank them for their diligence and care. The contributions in these proceedings can be partitioned into four categories 1. Access Order and Synchronization 2. Performance 3. Cache Protocols and Architectures 4. Distributed Shared Memory Particular topics on which new ideas and results are presented in these proceedings include: efficient schemes for combining networks, formal specification of shared memory models, correctness of trace-driven simulations,synchronization, various coherence protocols, .
Download or read book On Chip Networks written by Natalie Enright and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2009-07-16 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the ability to integrate a large number of cores on a single chip, research into on-chip networks to facilitate communication becomes increasingly important. On-chip networks seek to provide a scalable and high-bandwidth communication substrate for multi-core and many-core architectures. High bandwidth and low latency within the on-chip network must be achieved while fitting within tight area and power budgets. In this lecture, we examine various fundamental aspects of on-chip network design and provide the reader with an overview of the current state-of-the-art research in this field. Table of Contents: Introduction / Interface with System Architecture / Topology / Routing / Flow Control / Router Microarchitecture / Conclusions
Download or read book Issues in Computer Science and Theory 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Computer Science and Theory / 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Computer Science and Theory. The editors have built Issues in Computer Science and Theory: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Computer Science and Theory in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Computer Science and Theory: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Proceedings Sixth IEEE Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing written by IEEE Computer Society. TC on Distributed Processing and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of the October 1994 symposium comprise 86 papers in sessions devoted to algorithms (three sessions), applications (three sessions), architecture, communications, distributed algorithms, distributed models, distributed systems (three sessions), fault tolerant systems, interconnection
Download or read book Architecture of Computing Systems ARCS 2016 written by Frank Hannig and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-24 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Architecture of Computing Systems, ARCS 2016, held in Nuremberg, Germany, in April 2016. The 29 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 87 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: configurable and in-memory accelerators; network-on-chip and secure computing architectures; cache architectures and protocols; mapping of applications on heterogeneous architectures and real-time tasks on multiprocessors; all about time: timing, tracing, and performance modeling; approximate and energy-efficient computing; allocation: from memories to FPGA hardware modules; organic computing systems; and reliability aspects in NoCs, caches, and GPUs.
Download or read book Shared Memory Multiprocessing written by Norihisa Suzuki and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shared memory multiprocessors are becoming the dominant architecture for small-scale parallel computation. This book is the first to provide a coherent review of current research in shared memory multiprocessing in the United States and Japan. It focuses particularly on scalable architecture that will be able to support hundreds of microprocessors as well as on efficient and economical ways of connecting these fast microprocessors. The 20 contributions are divided into sections covering the experience to date with multiprocessors, cache coherency, software systems, and examples of scalable shared memory multiprocessors.
