Download or read book A Bill to Amend the National Organ Transplant Act to Clarify that Kidney Paired Donation Does Not Involve the Transfer of a Human Organ for Valuable Consideration written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Living Organ Donation and Valuable Consideration written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central issue before Congress with respect to the possibility of living organ donation is how to balance the needs of people seeking organs with one another, and with the needs of potential organ donors. While the majority of organs are harvested from deceased donors, an increasing number of donations are made by living donors each year. As new types of programs are developed to help encourage the practice of living donation, both legal and ethical issues may arise. Two types of programs to expand the practice of living donation have recently been proposed: paired and list donation. In both types of arrangements, willing living donors who are incompatible with their intended recipients agree to donate their organs to an unknown recipient. In exchange, their intended recipient either receives an organ (paired donation), or a higher spot on the waiting list (list donation). Both systems have been implemented for kidney transplantation in limited areas, in part due to concerns that they may run afoul of the National Organ Transplantation Act (NOTA, P.L. 98-507) prohibition on the exchange of valuable consideration for an organ (Section 301). Both types of programs also raise or at least touch upon a range of issues, including those related to: evolving transplantation systems; the directive that physicians do no harm; risk-benefit ratios; informed consent; type O recipients; resource allocation; parity; and the possibility of paying for organs. In February 2007, the Senate passed the Living Kidney Organ Donation Clarification Act (S. 487) by unanimous consent. In March 2007, the House passed a companion measure, H.R. 710, by a vote of 422-0. The bills would amend the National Organ Transplant Act to clarify that kidney paired donation does not involve the transfer of a human organ for valuable consideration. During the 109th Congress, S. 2306 would have done the same for both kidney paired donation and kidney list donation. In the 108th Congress, S. 573 IS would have exempted familial, emotional, psychological, or physical benefit from the definition. This report contains background regarding how living donation is included within the larger organ donation construct, the likely impact that paired and list donation programs would have on organ supply, the legislative history and legal interpretation of the term valuable consideration as it is defined in section 301 of the National Organ Transplant Act (P.L. 98-507), and the various ethical and policy issues related to living donation, paired kidney donation, kidney list donation and legislation proposed on the topic. This report will be updated as needed.
Download or read book Journal of the House of Representatives of the United States written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 2264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some vols. include supplemental journals of "such proceedings of the sessions, as, during the time they were depending, were ordered to be kept secret, and respecting which the injunction of secrecy was afterwards taken off by the order of the House".
Download or read book Legislative Calendar written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journal of the Senate of the United States of America written by United States. Congress. Senate and published by . This book was released on 1789 with total page 1368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Organ Donation written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-08-24 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rates of organ donation lag far behind the increasing need. At the start of 2006, more than 90,000 people were waiting to receive a solid organ (kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, heart, or intestine). Organ Donation examines a wide range of proposals to increase organ donation, including policies that presume consent for donation as well as the use of financial incentives such as direct payments, coverage of funeral expenses, and charitable contributions. This book urges federal agencies, nonprofit groups, and others to boost opportunities for people to record their decisions to donate, strengthen efforts to educate the public about the benefits of organ donation, and continue to improve donation systems. Organ Donation also supports initiatives to increase donations from people whose deaths are the result of irreversible cardiac failure. This book emphasizes that all members of society have a stake in an adequate supply of organs for patients in need, because each individual is a potential recipient as well as a potential donor.
Download or read book Organ Donations written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 110 1 2 Legislative Calendar Committee on Health Education Labor and Pensions S Prt 110 62 January 4 2007 December 19 2007 January 3 2008 January 3 2009 written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Legislative Calendar written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Act to Amend the National Organ Transplant Act to Provide that Criminal Penalties Do Not Apply to Human Organ Paired Donation and for Other Purposes written by United States and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Calendars of the United States House of Representatives and History of Legislation written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Congressional Record written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on with total page 2538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Congressional Record is the official record of the proceedings and debates of the United States Congress. It is published daily when Congress is in session. The Congressional Record began publication in 1873. Debates for sessions prior to 1873 are recorded in The Debates and Proceedings in the Congress of the United States (1789-1824), the Register of Debates in Congress (1824-1837), and the Congressional Globe (1833-1873)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Health Law written by David Orentlicher and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-26 with total page 1135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Health Law addresses some of the most critical issues facing scholars, legislators, and judges today: how to protect against threats to public health that can quickly cross national borders, how to ensure access to affordable health care, and how to regulate the pharmaceutical industry, among many others. When matters of life and death literally hang in the balance, it is especially important for policymakers to get things right, and the making of policy can be greatly enhanced by learning from the successes and failures of approaches taken in other countries. Where there are "common challenges" in law and health, there is much to be gained from experiences elsewhere. Thus, for example, countries that suffered early from the COVID-19 pandemic provided valuable lessons about public health interventions for countries that were hit later. Accordingly, the Handbook considers key health law questions from a comparative perspective. In health law, common challenges are frequent. In addition to ones already mentioned, there are questions about addressing the social determinants of health (e.g., poverty and pollution), organizing health systems to optimize use of available resources, ensuring that physicians provide care of the highest quality, protecting patient privacy in a data-driven world, and properly balancing patient autonomy with the interest in preserving life when reproductive and end-of-life decisions are made. This Handbook's wide scope and comparative take on health law are particularly timely. Economic globalization has made it increasingly important for different countries to harmonize their legal rules. Students, practitioners, scholars, and policymakers need to understand how health laws vary across national boundaries and how reforms can ensure a convergence toward an optimal set of legal rules, or ensure that specific legal arrangements are needed in particular contexts. Indeed, comparative analysis has become essential for legal scholars, and The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Health Law is the only resource that provides such an analysis in health law.
Download or read book Paid Organ Donation and the Constitutionality of the National Organ Transplant Act written by John A. Robertson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A person can buy a handgun for self-defense but cannot pay for an organ donation to save her life because of the National Organ Transplantation Act's (NOTA) total ban on paying “valuable consideration” for an organ donation. This article analyzes whether the need for an organ transplant, and thus the paid organ donations that might make them possible, falls within the constitutional protection of the life and liberty clauses of the 5th and 14th amendments. If so, government would have to show more than a rational basis to uphold NOTA's ban on paid donations. The article begins with an examination of Flynn v. Holder, a 2012 9th Circuit case, that found that NOTA ban paying for bone marrow donations by aspiration was constitutional under rational basis review, even though bone marrow was renewable tissue and donation involved comparable risks to the paid blood, sperm, and egg donations which are excluded from NOTA's ban. It then argues that some form of heightened scrutiny should apply to laws banning paid bone marrow, kidney, and cadaveric donations as well as bans on paid kidney and cadaveric donations. It bases that argument on the resurgence of constitutional interest in self-defense seen in the Second Amendment handgun cases and in a substantive due process right to life and liberty. Together those developments form the basis of a constitutional right of medical self-defense (a negative right to use a safe and established medical treatment when reasonably necessary to protect a person's life), despite the narrow test for recognition of new rights contained in Washington v. Glucksberg and Abigail Alliance v. Eschenbach. Applying heightened scrutiny to four situations involving paid organ donation, the article shows that banning paid donation may be rational based on speculation or conjecture about harm to donors, unsafe organs, crowding out of altruism, exploitation of the poor, or moral distaste at paying for body parts. But those concerns hardly satisfy the heightened scrutiny that interference with a person's right to life should require. A highly regulated private system of paying donors should be found constitutional when government is unwilling to act.
Download or read book Organ Shortage written by Anne-Maree Farrell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-03-10 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organ shortage is an ongoing problem in many countries. The needless death and suffering which have resulted necessitate an investigation into potential solutions. This examination of contemporary ethical means, both practical and policy-oriented, of reducing the shortfall in organs draws on the experiences of a range of countries. The authors focus on the resolution and negotiation of ethical conflict, examine systems approaches such as the 'Spanish model' and the US Breakthrough Collaboratives, evaluate policy proposals relating to incentives, presumed consent, and modifications regarding end-of-life care, and evaluate the greatly increased use of (non-heart-beating) donors suffering circulatory death, as well as living donors. The proposed strategies and solutions are not only capable of resolving the UK's own organ-shortage crisis, but also of being implemented in other countries grappling with how to address the growing gap between supply and demand for organs.
Download or read book The Handbook of Market Design written by Nir Vulkan and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013-08-29 with total page 706 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook brings together the latest research on applied market design. It surveys matching markets: environments where there is a need to match large two-sided populations to one another, such as law clerks and judges or patients and kidney donors.
Download or read book Bioethics and the Law written by Janet Dolgin and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 1146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioethics and the Law takes a multidisciplinary approach that combines legal discussion with jurisprudential, philosophical, and sociological materials. Strong expressions of different points of view highlight debates about bioethical issues. The text underscores the need to mediate between the law's focus on broad rules and the bioethicist's concern with context and detail. Students are required to consider the ethical implications of health care as a business, face the shifting parameters of the provider/patient relationship in healthcare, and understand the role of government in designing and implementing healthcare programs such as Medicaid and Medicare. Bioethics and the Law supplements the traditional focus of bioethics on the interest of the individual with a second focus on the socio-economic developments that shape healthcare. Connecting broad public healthcare issues to concerns of the individual patient/healthcare consumer, the text promotes understanding of unsettling and complex situations and shows the implications of bioethical developments for understandings of personhood. A helpful glossary defines basic terms and several short appendices summarize recent developments in science and technology.
