Download or read book A 2xCo2 Climate Change Simulation Over California Using a Integrated Regional Atmospheric hydrologic Model written by Liqin Tan and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Future Regional Climate Change in the Ten Hydrologic Regions of California written by Lisa C. Sloan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Change in the Central Valley written by Pradnya Satish Khimsara and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The climate of a region contributes to every element of ecology, economy and well being of that region. Thus, climate data is a vital input in formulating various models such as simulating atmospheric-land hydrologic processes for flood management purposes, climate change impact studies and so on. Over the years, General Circulation models have been developed to simulate the Earth's climate. Various such models have been run for futuristic simulations at a global scale to study the change in climate over the coming century. These models have a coarse grid resolution for the atmospheric variables. However, for smaller regions, the simulated atmospheric data has to be downscaled to a more perceivable grid resolution for interpretation of shifts in trends. This thesis uses the fifth generation PSU/NCAR mesoscale model for downscaling to a finer resolution such future atmospheric data, focusing on three stations along the Sacramento River. These datasets are obtained from the GCM's and are based on three realizations of the A2 family from the Special Reports on emissions scenarios (SRES). The downscaled data is then analyzed for the three stations - Butte, Redding and Sacramento in the Central valley. Climate change trends of precipitation and temperature for these stations have been scrutinized in this study. The data has also been examined for intra-annual changes over three time frames along the century. The results exhibit consistent change at all three stations with the temperature gradients slowly rising by about a degree towards the mid of the century and then steepening to a rise of a cumulative four degrees by the end of the century. There is also a notable rise in the precipitation towards the end of the century. Though the intra-annual changes for temperatures are consistent, there is a shift in the precipitation patterns. Towards the end of the century there is an increase in the number of wet months occurring in the annual rainfall cycle.
Download or read book A Strategy for Assessing Potential Future Changes in Climate Hydrology and Vegetation in the Western United States written by Robert Stephen Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regional Climate Change in a Topographically Complex Region written by Mark Alan Snyder and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Analysis of Simulated California Climate Using Multiple Dynamical and Statistical Techniques written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global Climate Change and California written by Joseph B. Knox and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2023-11-10 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: California's extraordinary ecological and economic diversity has brought it prosperity, pollution, and overpopulation. These factors and the state's national and international ties make California an essential test case for the impact of global climate change—temperature increases, water shortages, more ultraviolet radiation. The scientists in this forward-looking volume give their best estimates of what the future holds. Beginning with an overview by Joseph Knox, the book discusses the greenhouse effect, the latest climate modeling capabilities, the implications of climate change for water resources, agriculture, biological ecosystems, human behavior, and energy. The warning inherent in a scenario of unchecked population growth and energy use in California applies to residents of the entire planet. The sobering conclusions related here include recommendations for research that will help us all prepare for potential climate change.
Download or read book Crawinkel Oberhof written by and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Climate Change Impacts on Water Resources for the Sacramento River Hydrologic Region written by Mauricio Meza-Pedraza and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potential climate change impacts on water resources on the Sacramento River Basin (Basin) and their economic impacts on agriculture were evaluated in this study. The Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) software was used to develop a simulation model for the Basin. WEAP is a computer software used for integrated water resources planning that operates on the principles of water balance accounts. The model was applied to evaluate hydrologic implications of climate change scenarios by projecting future precipitation in the Basin for the period of 2016 to 2058 and estimate potential financial impacts on agriculture. Results indicates that extreme events such as extended drought conditions due to climate change can occur in the future. Model simulations revealed that the only county that could face an increase in financial losses in extreme events due to climate change within the Basin is El Dorado County. Financial losses due to crop yield reduction as a result of extreme drought are estimated at $37.5M. Approximately $4.5M more when compared to possible expected losses of $33M for five years of moderate drought following historical hydrologic patterns. Finally, model results show incremental and steady groundwater depletion in the Basin. Groundwater storage in the Basin could decrease from 66 MAF to 60 MAF. This indicates that extreme events such as extended drought conditions could add additional stresses on groundwater situation, and as a result have adverse effects on agriculture in the Basin.
Download or read book Modeling and Analysis of Global and Regional Climate Change in Relation to Atmospheric Hydrologic Processes written by Donald R. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Coupling of the MM5 Regional Atmospheric Model with a Physically based Regional Land Surface Model written by Daniel Chau and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Change and California Surface Hydrology written by Marla Ann Schwartz and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding 21st century changes in California surface hydrology is critical to ensuring enough freshwater resources for the state's municipal, ecological and agricultural purposes and assessing future ecosystem health and wildfire risk. To project 21st century surface hydrology over California - a region with highly complex topography that is not well captured by global climate models (GCMs) - downscaling is necessary. This work projects future changes in surface hydrology over the Los Angeles and Sierra Nevada regions through dynamical and statistical downscaling techniques. Dynamical downscaling is employed over Los Angeles to produce 2-km resolution regional projections for the mid-21st-century under an aggressive warming scenario. These projections reveal annual mean runoff and actual evapotranspiration are nearly insensitive to warming. This insensitivity is an artifact of the region's Mediterranean-type climate: Because the warm season receives almost no precipitation, the strongest warming-induced potential evapotranspiration enhancement coincides with dry soils, severely constraining actual evapotranspiration increases. This surprising result highlights that this important semi-arid region is less susceptible to long-term changes in runoff and soil moisture due to its Mediterranean climate. Over the Sierra Nevada Mountains, dynamical downscaling is used to produce high-resolution (3-km) simulations of end-of-21st-century surface hydroclimate. The high resolution and physical realism of these simulations provides unprecedented detail into the elevational dependence of hydroclimate changes and allows us to examine hydroclimate changes at the watershed level. These downscaled simulations reveal future warming leads to a shift toward significantly earlier snowmelt-driven surface runoff timing at each elevation throughout the Sierra Nevada, particularly in mid-elevations (2000-2750m) in the western and northern Sierra. Moreover, these projections show that any precipitation increases are outweighed by warming induced snowpack reductions and evapotranspiration increases, resulting in statistically significant drying of spring and summer soils and a substantial lengthening of the summer dry period. Relationships and patterns that emerge through dynamical downscaling over the Sierra Nevada are exploited to build simple statistical models that mimic dynamical model behavior. Using this hybrid dynamical-statistical downscaling model, high-resolution end-of-21st-century runoff timing and soil moisture changes are projected for all available GCMs from phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project and the four forcing scenarios adopted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Fifth Assessment Report. These multi-model projections allow us to quantify and characterize ensemble-mean changes and the associated uncertainty due to inter-model GCM spread, as well as the consequences associated with choice of emissions scenario. Averaged across the Sierra, April-September soil moisture is projected to decrease 17.1% in the 35-model ensemble mean under RCP8.5 (with an approximate intermodel range of -12.9% to -21.0%), but only 9.1% with an approximate intermodel range of -5.7% to -12.9%) under RCP4.5, a reasonable mitigation scenario.
Download or read book Potential Climatic Impacts of Increasing Atmospheric CO2 with Emphasis on Water Availability and Hydrology in the United States written by David Rind and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling Regional Carbon Dioxide Flux Over California Using the WRF ACASA Coupled Model written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many processes and interactions in the atmosphere and the biosphere influence the rate of carbon dioxide exchange between these two systems. However, it is difficult to estimate the carbon dioxide flux over regions with diverse ecosystems and complex terrains, such as California. Traditional carbon dioxide measurements are sparse and limited to specific ecosystems. Therefore, accurately estimating carbon dioxide flux on a regional scale remains a major challenge. In this study, we couple the weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) with the Advanced Canopy- Atmosphere-Soil Algorithm (ACASA), a high complexity land surface model. Although WRF is a state-of- the-art regional atmospheric model with high spatial and temporal resolutions, the land surface schemes available in WRF lack the capability to simulate carbon dioxide. ACASA is a complex multilayer land surface model with interactive canopy physiology and full surface hydrological processes. It allows microenvironmental variables such as air and surface temperatures, wind speed, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration to vary vertically. Carbon dioxide, sensible heat, water vapor, and momentum fluxes between the atmosphere and land surface are estimated in the ACASA model through turbulence equations with a third order closure scheme. It therefore permits counter-gradient transports that low-order turbulence closure models are unable to simulate. A new CO2 tracer module is introduced into the model framework to allow the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration to vary according to terrestrial responses. In addition to the carbon dioxide simulation, the coupled WRF-ACASA model is also used to investigate the interactions of neighboring ecosystems in their response to atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration. The model simulations with and without the CO2 tracer for WRF-ACASA are compared with surface observations from the AmeriFlux network.
Download or read book Ecosystem Feedbacks to Climate Change in California written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book California Climate Scenarios Assessment written by Daniel R. Cayan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to Executive Order S-3-05, an evaluation of the implications to California of possible climate changes was undertaken using a scenario-based approach. The “Scenarios Project” investigated projected impacts of climate change on six sectors in the California region. The investigation considered the early, middle and later portions of the twenty-first century, guided by a set of IPCC Fourth Assessment global climate model runs forced by higher and lower greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Each of these climate simulations produce substantial impacts in California that would require adaptations from present practices or status. The most severe impacts could be avoided, however, if emissions can be held near the lower end of global greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. Reprinted from Climatic Change, Vol. 109: Supplement 1 (2011)
Download or read book California Climate Scenarios Assessment written by Daniel R. Cayan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In response to Executive Order S-3-05, an evaluation of the implications to California of possible climate changes was undertaken using a scenario-based approach. The “Scenarios Project” investigated projected impacts of climate change on six sectors in the California region. The investigation considered the early, middle and later portions of the twenty-first century, guided by a set of IPCC Fourth Assessment global climate model runs forced by higher and lower greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Each of these climate simulations produce substantial impacts in California that would require adaptations from present practices or status. The most severe impacts could be avoided, however, if emissions can be held near the lower end of global greenhouse gas emissions scenarios. Reprinted from Climatic Change, Vol. 109: Supplement 1 (2011)
