Download or read book 500 MW Demonstration of Advanced Wall fired Combustion Techniques for the Reduction of Nitrogen Oxide NO subscript X Emissions from Coal fired Boilers Technical Progress Report Second Quarter 1994 April 1994 June 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This quarterly report discusses the technical progress of an Innovative Clean Coal Technology (ICCT) demonstration of advanced wall-fired combustion techniques for the reduction of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions from coal-fired boilers. The project is being conducted at Georgia Power Company's Plant Hammond Unit 4 located near Rome, Georgia. The primary goal of this project is the characterization of the low NOx combustion equipment through the collection and analysis of long-term emissions data. A target of achieving fifty percent NOx reduction using combustion modifications has been established for the project. The project provides a stepwise retrofit of an advanced overfire air (AOFA) system followed by low NOx burners (LNB). During each test phase of the project, diagnostic, performance, long-term, and verification testing will be performed. These tests are used to quantify the NOx reductions of each technology and evaluate the effects of those reductions on other combustion parameters. Results are described.
Download or read book 500 MW Demonstration of Advanced Wall fired Combustion Techniques for the Reduction of Nitrogen Oxide NO subscript X Emissions from Coal Fired Boilers Second Quarterly Technical Progress Report April June 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary goal of this project is the characterization of the low NO(subscript x) combustion equipment through the collection and analysis of long-term emissions data. A target of achieving fifty percent NO(subscript x) reduction using combustion modifications has been established for the project. The project provides a stepwise retrofit of an advanced overfire air (AOFA) system followed by low NO(subscript x) burners (LNB). During each test phase of the project, diagnostic, performance, long-term and verification testing will be performed. These tests are used to quantify the NO(subscript x) reductions of each technology and evaluate the effects of those reductions on other combustion parameters such as particulate characteristics and boiler efficiency. Baseline, AOFA, and LNB without AOFA test segments have been completed. Analysis of the 94 days of LNB long-term data collected show the full-load NO(subscript x) emission levels to be approximately 0.65 lb/MBtu with flyash LOI values of approximately 8 percent. Corresponding values for the AOFA configuration are 0.94 lb/MBtu and approximately 10 percent. For comparison, the long-term full-load, baseline NO(subscript x) emission level was approximately 1.24 lb/MBtu at 5.2 percent LOI. Comprehensive testing of the LNB plus AOFA configuration began in May 1993 and is scheduled to end during August 1993. As of June 30, the diagnostic, performance, chemical emissions tests segments for this configuration have been conducted and 29 days of long-term, emissions data collected. Preliminary results from the May--June 1993 tests of the LNB plus AOFA system show that the full load NO(subscript x) emissions are approximately 0.42 lb/MBtu with corresponding fly ash LOI values near 8 percent. This is a substantial improvement in both NO(subscript x) emissions and LOI values when compared to the results obtained during the February--March 1992 abbreviated testing of this system.
Download or read book Evaluation of Gas Reburning and Low NO subscript X Burners on a Wall Fired Boiler Quarterly Technical Progress Report No 15 April 1 June 30 1994 written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clean Coal Technology (CCT) implies the use of coal in an environmentally acceptable manner. Coal combustion results in the emission of oxides of nitrogen (No), which are precursors of both acid rain and ozone formation. The primary objective of this CCT project is to evaluate the use of Gas Reburning and Low NO(subscript x) Burners (GR-LNB) for NO(subscript x) emission control from a wall fired boiler. It is anticipated that, if the demonstration is successful, the GR-LNB technology could become commercialized during the 1 990' s and will be capable of (1) achieving significant reduction in the emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide (another acid rain precursor) from existing facilities to minimize environmental impacts such as transboundary and interstate pollution and/or (2) providing for future energy needs in an environmentally acceptable manner. Low NO(subscript x) burners are designed to delay the mixing of the coal fuel with combustion air to minimize the NO(subscript x) formation. Typically, one may obtain up to 50% reduction in NO(subscript x) emissions through the use of LNB. For LNB applications, the technology is developed and a number of LNB designs are commercially available. With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the main combustion zone. The balance of the fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO(subscript x) is converted to N2. The combustion process is completed by over-fire air addition. SO(subscript x) emissions are reduced to the extent that natural gas replaces sulfur-containing coal. The level of NO(subscript x) reduction achievable with 15--20% natural gas is on the order of 50--60%. Thus the emission reduction target of the combination of these two developed technologies is about 70%.
Download or read book Evaluation of Gas reburning and Low NO subscript X Burners on a Wall Fired Boiler Technical Progress Report No 9 October 1 December 31 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clean Coal Technology (CCT) implies the use of coal in an environmentally acceptable manner. Coal combustion results in the emission of oxides of nitrogen (NO(subscript x)), which are precursors of both acid rain and ozone formation. The primary objective of this CCT project is to evaluate the use of Gas Reburning and Low NO(subscript x) Burners (GR-LNB) for SO(subscript x) emission control from a wall fired boiler. It is anticipated that, if the demonstration is successful, the GR-LNB technology could become commercialized during the 1990's and will be capable of (1) achieving significant reduction in the emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide (another acid rain precursor) from existing facilities to minimize environmental impacts such as transboundary and interstate pollution and/or (2) providing for future energy needs in an environmentally acceptable manner. Low NO(subscript x) burners are designed to delay the mixing of the coal fuel with combustion air to minimize the NO(subscript x) formation. Typically, one may obtain up to 50% reduction in NO(subscript x) emissions through the use of LNB. For LNB applications, the technology is developed and a number of LNB designs are commercially available. With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the main combustion zone. The balance of the fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO(subscript x) is converted to N2. The combustion process is completed by over-fire air addition. SO(subscript x) emissions are reduced to the extent that natural gas replaces sulfur-containing coal. The level of NOX reduction achievable with 15--20% natural gas is on the order of 50--60%. Thus the emission reduction target of the combination of these two developed technologies is about 75%.
Download or read book Demonstration of Selective Catalytic Reduction SCR Technology for the Control of Nitrogen Oxide NOx Emissions from High sulfur Coal fired Boilers Quarterly Report No 5 July September 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to demonstrate and evaluate commercially available Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts from US, Japanese and European catalyst suppliers on a high-sulfur US coal-fired boiler. SCR is a post-combustion nitrogen oxide (NO(subscript x)) control technology that involves injecting ammonia into the flue gas generated from coal combustion in an electric utility boiler. The flue gas containing ammonia is then passed through a reactor that contains a specialized catalyst. In the presence of the catalyst, the ammonia reacts with NO(subscript x) to convert it to nitrogen and water vapor.
Download or read book Evaluation of Gas reburning and Low NO subscript X Burners on a Wall Fired Boiler Technical Progress Report No 10 January 1 March 31 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clean Coal Technology (CCT) implies the use of coal in an environmentally acceptable manner. Coal combustion results in the emission of oxides of nitrogen (NO(subscript x)), which are precursors of both acid rainand ozone formation. The primary objective of this CCT project is to evaluate the use of Gas Reburning and Low NO(subscript x) Burners (GR-LNB) for NO(subscript x) emission control from a wall fired boiler. It is anticipated that, if the demonstration is successful, the GR-LNB technology could become commercialized during the 1990's and will be capable of (1) achieving significant reduction in the emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide (another acid rain precursor) from existing facilities to minimize environmental impacts such as transboundary and interstate pollution and/or (2) providing for future energy needs in an environmentally acceptable manner. Low NO(subscript x) burners are designed to delay the mixing of the coal fuel with combustion air to minimize the NO(subscript x) formation. Typically, one may obtain up to 50% reduction in NO(subscript x) emissions through the use of LNB. For LNB applications, the technology is developed and a number of LNB designs are commercially available. With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the main combustion zone. The balance of the fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO(subscript x), is converted to N2. The combustion process is completed by over-fire air addition. SO(subscript x) emissions are reduced to the extent that natural gas replaces sulfur-containing coal. The level of NO(subscript x) reduction achievable with 15--20% natural gas is on the order of 50--60 %. Thus the emission reduction target of the combination of these two developed technologies is about 75%.
Download or read book Demonstration of Selective Catalytic Reduction Technology for the Control of Nitrogen Oxide Emissions from High sulfur Coal fired Boilers written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the status of the Innovative Clean Coal Technology project to demonstrate SCR technology for reduction of NO(subscript x) emissions from flue gas of utility boilers burning US high-sulfur coal. The funding participants are the US Department of Energy (DOE), Southern Company Services, Inc. (SCS), on behalf of the entire Southern Company, Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), and Ontario Hydro. SCS is the participant responsible for managing all aspects of the project. The project is being conducted on Gulf Power Company's Plant Crist Unit 5 (75-MW nominal capacity), located near Pensacola, Florida, on US coals that have a sulfur content near 3.0%. The SCR facility treats a 17,400 scfm slip-stream of flue gas and consists of three 2.5-MW (5000 scfm) and six 0.2-MW (400 scfm) SCR reactors. The reactors operate in parallel with commercially available SCR catalysts obtained from vendors throughout the world. The design engineering and construction have been completed, and the startup/shakedown was completed in June 1993. Long-term performance testing began in July 1993 and will be conducted for two years. Test facility description and test plans, as well as start-up issues and preliminary commissioning test results are reported in this paper.
Download or read book F relesingar ved informasjons seminaret p Harams y hausten written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enchancing the Use of Coals by Gas Reburning sorbent Injection written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to evaluate and demonstrate a cost effective emission control technology for acid rain precursors, oxides of nitrogen (NO(subscript x)) and sulfur (SO(subscript x)), on two coal fired utility boilers in Illinois. The units selected are representative of pre-NSPS design practices: tangential and cyclone fired. Work on a third unit, wall fired, has been stopped because of funding limitations. The specific objectives are to demonstrate reductions of 60 percent in NO(subscript x) and 50 percent in SO(subscript x) emissions, by a combination of two developed technologies, gas reburning (GR) and sorbent injection (SI). With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the primary combustion zone. The balance of the fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO(subscript x) is converted to N2. The combustion process is completed by overfire air addition. SO(subscript x) emissions are reduced by injecting dry sorbents (usually calcium based) into the upper furnace. The sorbents trap SO(subscript x) as solid sulfates that are collected in the particulate control device.
Download or read book Enhancing the Use of Coals by Gas Reburning sorbent Injection Quarterly Report No 21 October 1 December 31 1992 written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to evaluate and demonstrate a cost effective emission control technology for acid rain precursors, oxides of nitrogen (NO(subscript x)) and sulfur (SO(subscript x)) on two coal fired utility boilers in Illinois. The units selected are representative of pre-NSPS design practices: tangential and cyclone fired. The specific objectives are to demonstrate reductions of 60 percent in NO(subscript x) and 50 percent in SO(subscript x) emissions, by a combination of two developed technologies, gas reburning (GR) and sorbent injection (SI). With GR, about 80--85 percent of the coal fuel is fired in the primary combustion zone. The balance of the fuel is added downstream as natural gas to create a slightly fuel rich environment in which NO(subscript x) is converted to N2. The combustion process is completed by overfire air addition. SO(subscript x) emissions are reduced by injecting dry sorbents (usually calcium based) into the upper furnace. The sorbents trap SO(subscript x) as solid sulfates that are collected in the particulate control device. This project is conducted in three phases at each site: (1) Design and Permitting, (2) Construction and Startup, and (3) Operation, Data Collection, Reporting and Disposition: Technology transfer to industry is accomplished through the formation of an industry panel. In phase AIII at Hennepin - Testing, Data Collection, Reporting and Disposition - Gas Reburning runs were made that indicate as high as 77% reduction in NO(subscript x) emission using about 18% gas. Gas Reburning - Sorbent Injection test results indicated as high as 62% reduction in SO2. These results are significantly higher than the project emission reduction goals of 60% NO(subscript x) and 50% SO2 and provide a wide safety margin for maintaining the 60% and 50% emission reductions during long term routine testing. A year of long term testing was completed in October, 1992.
Download or read book Dr G M Sternberg s Electro magnetic Regulator for Dampers and Valves written by and published by . This book was released on 1870* with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field testing application of combustion modifications to control pollutant emissions from industrial boilers written by G. A. Cato and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Gas Turbine Handbook written by Tony Giampaolo and published by The Fairmont Press, Inc.. This book was released on 2003 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of a bestseller, this comprehensive reference provides the fundamental information required to understand both the operation and proper application of all types of gas turbines. The completely updated second edition adds a new section on use of inlet cooling for power augmentation and NOx control. It explores the full spectrum of gas turbines hardware, typical application scenarios, and operating parameters, controls, inlet treatments, inspection, trouble-shooting, and more. The author discusses strategies that can help readers avoid problems before they occur and provides tips that enable diagnosis of problems in their early stages and analysis of failures to prevent their recurrence.
Download or read book Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems written by Gilbert M. Masters and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-01-03 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive textbook for the new trend of distributed power generation systems and renewable energy sources in electric power systems. It covers the complete range of topics from fundamental concepts to major technologies as well as advanced topics for power consumers. An Instructor's Manual presenting detailed solutions to all the problems in the book is available from the Wiley editorial department -- to obtain the manual, send an email to [email protected]
Download or read book Chemical Engineering Design written by Gavin Towler and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-01-25 with total page 1321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical Engineering Design, Second Edition, deals with the application of chemical engineering principles to the design of chemical processes and equipment. Revised throughout, this edition has been specifically developed for the U.S. market. It provides the latest US codes and standards, including API, ASME and ISA design codes and ANSI standards. It contains new discussions of conceptual plant design, flowsheet development, and revamp design; extended coverage of capital cost estimation, process costing, and economics; and new chapters on equipment selection, reactor design, and solids handling processes. A rigorous pedagogy assists learning, with detailed worked examples, end of chapter exercises, plus supporting data, and Excel spreadsheet calculations, plus over 150 Patent References for downloading from the companion website. Extensive instructor resources, including 1170 lecture slides and a fully worked solutions manual are available to adopting instructors. This text is designed for chemical and biochemical engineering students (senior undergraduate year, plus appropriate for capstone design courses where taken, plus graduates) and lecturers/tutors, and professionals in industry (chemical process, biochemical, pharmaceutical, petrochemical sectors). New to this edition: - Revised organization into Part I: Process Design, and Part II: Plant Design. The broad themes of Part I are flowsheet development, economic analysis, safety and environmental impact and optimization. Part II contains chapters on equipment design and selection that can be used as supplements to a lecture course or as essential references for students or practicing engineers working on design projects. - New discussion of conceptual plant design, flowsheet development and revamp design - Significantly increased coverage of capital cost estimation, process costing and economics - New chapters on equipment selection, reactor design and solids handling processes - New sections on fermentation, adsorption, membrane separations, ion exchange and chromatography - Increased coverage of batch processing, food, pharmaceutical and biological processes - All equipment chapters in Part II revised and updated with current information - Updated throughout for latest US codes and standards, including API, ASME and ISA design codes and ANSI standards - Additional worked examples and homework problems - The most complete and up to date coverage of equipment selection - 108 realistic commercial design projects from diverse industries - A rigorous pedagogy assists learning, with detailed worked examples, end of chapter exercises, plus supporting data and Excel spreadsheet calculations plus over 150 Patent References, for downloading from the companion website - Extensive instructor resources: 1170 lecture slides plus fully worked solutions manual available to adopting instructors
Download or read book Vehicle Propulsion Systems written by Lino Guzzella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-21 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors of this text have written a comprehensive introduction to the modeling and optimization problems encountered when designing new propulsion systems for passenger cars. It is intended for persons interested in the analysis and optimization of vehicle propulsion systems. Its focus is on the control-oriented mathematical description of the physical processes and on the model-based optimization of the system structure and of the supervisory control algorithms.
Download or read book Carbon Black written by Jean-Baptiste Donnet and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this reference provides comprehensive examinations of developments in the processing and applications of carbon black, including the use of new analytical tools such as scanning tunnelling microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and inverse gas chromatography.;Completely rewritten and updated by numerous experts in the field to reflect the enormous growth of the field since the publication of the previous edition, Carbon Black: discusses the mechanism of carbon black formation based on recent advances such as the discovery of fullerenes; elucidates micro- and macrostructure morphology and other physical characteristics; outlines the fractal geometry of carbon black as a new approach to characterization; reviews the effect of carbon black on the electrical and thermal conductivity of filled polymers; delineates the applications of carbon black in elastomers, plastics, and zerographic toners; and surveys possible health consequences of exposure to carbon black.;With over 1200 literature citations, tables, and figures, this resource is intended for physical, polymer, surface and colloid chemists; chemical and plastics engineers; spectroscopists; materials scientists; occupational safety and health physicians; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.
