Download or read book Signaling Pathways for Translation written by Robert E. Rhoads and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The articles in the present volume are by major contributors to our under standing of signaling pathways affecting protein synthesis. They focus pri marily on two extracellular anabolic signals, although others are included as well. Insulin is one of the best-studied extracellular regulators of protein syn thesis. Several of the known pathways for regulation of protein synthesis were elucidated using insulin-dependent systems. Regulation of protein synthesis by amino acids, by contrast, is an emerging field that has recently received a great deal of attention. The dual role of amino acids as substrates for protein syn thesis and regulators of the overall process has only recently been recognized. Since amino acids serve as precursors for proteins, one might expect that with holding an essential amino acid would inhibit the elongation phase. Surpris ingly, research has shown that it is the initiation phase of protein synthesis that is restricted during amino acid starvation. Understanding the mechanisms by which the biosynthesis of proteins is reg ulated is important for several reasons. Protein synthesis consumes a major portion of the cellular ATP that is generated. Therefore, small changes in protein synthesis can have great consequences for cellular energy metabolism. Translation is also a major site for control of gene expression, since messenger RNAs differ widely in translational efficiency, and changes to the protein syn thesis machinery can differentially affect recruitment of individual mRNAs.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Cell Biology written by Harvey F. Lodish and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2008 with total page 1370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sixth edition provides an authoritative and comprehensive vision of molecular biology today. It presents developments in cell birth, lineage and death, expanded coverage of signaling systems and of metabolism and movement of lipids.
Download or read book Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-09-26 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a forum for discussion of new discoveries, approaches, and idea in molecular biology. Contains contributions from leaders in their fields and abundant references. - Provides a forum for discussion of new discoveries, approaches, and ideas in molecular biology - Features contributions from leaders in their fields - Contains abundant references
Download or read book Protein Translation written by Eric Jan and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2014-05-01 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protein synthesis is a fundamental aspect of gene expression across kingdoms. The regulation of translation is important for many biological processes including cell fate determination, development, and growth and is especially crucial to maintain cellular homeostasis during cellular stress and virus infection. Misregulation of protein translation can contribute to diseases such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this chapter, we highlight the basic understanding of eukaryotic translation and the major regulations that control biological events. We focus on signaling pathways that regulate overall protein synthesis and also mechanisms that control translation of specific mRNAs such as cis-acting elements within the 5' and 3 untranslated regions (UTR). Understanding these mechanisms provide insights into the fundamental gene regulations that may provide new targets for combating disease and virus infections.
Download or read book Translational Control of Gene Expression written by Nahum Sonenberg and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 1034 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1996 publication of Translational Control, there has been fresh interest in protein synthesis and recognition of the key role of translation control mechanisms in regulating gene expression. This new monograph updates and expands the scope of the earlier book but it also takes a fresh look at the field. In a new format, the first eight chapters provide broad overviews, while each of the additional twenty-eight has a focus on a research topic of more specific interest. The result is a thoroughly up-to-date account of initiation, elongation, and termination of translation, control mechanisms in development in response to extracellular stimuli, and the effects on the translation machinery of virus infection and disease. This book is essential reading for students entering the field and an invaluable resource for investigators of gene expression and its control.
Download or read book TOR written by George Thomas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TOR, the Target of Rapamycin was discovered a little over ten years ago in a genetic screen in S. cerevisiae in search of mutants resistant to the cytostatic effects of the antimycotic, rapamycin. Recent studies have placed TOR at the interface between nutrient sensing and the regulation of major anbolic and catabolic responses. The editors have gathered the leading figures in the field of TOR and its role in cellular homeostasis and human diseases.
Download or read book Signaling Pathways in Liver Diseases written by Jean-Francois Dufour and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Signaling Pathways in Liver Diseases, 2nd edition focuses on signaling pathways which are particularly important in liver diseases. Recent progress brought hepatology to new frontiers. The increasing frequency of surgery on steatotic and cirrhotic liver obliges liver surgeons and hepatologists to understand the molecular mechanisms at play in these situations and how they can be influenced. Better comprehension of the cellular mechanisms participating in liver regeneration, hepato-cellular apoptosis and ischemia/reperfusion inquiry is mirrored by a dramatic increase in complexity. The number and scope of publications is intimidating and difficult for busy individuals to extract a coherent framework. This book will serve as a source of information facilitating the reading of the literature and the planning of trials. Translational medicine implies knowledge of the molecular targets for novel therapeutic strategies. It will furthermore stimulate more research and lead to better exchange between the laboratory, the clinical ward and the operation room.
Download or read book Molecular Kinesis in Cellular Function and Plasticity written by Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cell Cycle and Growth Control written by Gary S. Stein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-05-24 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive work provides detailed information on all known proteolytic enzymes to date. This two-volume set unveils new developments on proteolytic enzymes which are being investigatedin pharmaceutical research for such diseases as HIV, Hepatitis C, and the common cold. Volume I covers aspartic and metallo petidases while Volume II examines peptidases of cysteine, serine, threonine and unknown catalytic type. A CD-ROM accompanies the book containing fully searchable text, specialised scissile bond searches, 3-D color structures and much more.
Download or read book mTOR Pathway and mTOR Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy written by Vitaly A. Polunovsky and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-23 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this book is to provide an up-to-date survey of the rapidly advancing eld of cancer therapy. Moreover, since our knowledge in this area rapidly evolves, some data have got obsolete during the process of book editing. Our understanding of the mechanisms involved in cancer genesis and progression underwent unprecedented expansion during the last decade, opening a new era of cancer treatment – targeted therapy. The surge in this area results in no small part from studies conducted jointly by basic health scientists and clinical investigators. It is our hope that this book will help foster even further collaboration between investigators in these two disciplines. The target of rapamycin (TOR) was rst identi ed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and subsequently in mammals (mTOR) as a conserved atypical serine/threonine kinase. In mammalian cells, mTOR exists in at least two multi-protein complexes that have critical roles in regulating cellular homeostasis and survival. As with many other areas of science, discovery of TOR signaling was fortuitous. Rapamycin was isolated as a product of the soil bacteria Streptomyces hygroscopicus, identi ed in a soil sample taken from the island of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). Rapamycin was rst discovered to be a potent antifungal agent and next as an immune suppressive drug. It was only later that it was found to be active as an antitumor agent in non-clinical models; although it was not developed for this indication. The history of rapamycin presents one of the rst examples of chemical genetics.
Download or read book RNA Damage and Repair written by Ioly Kotta-Loizou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-04 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a macromolecule that plays a central role in cell physiology: RNA molecules act as intermediates between the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), where genetic information is stored, and proteins, which perform the necessary functions within the cell. Traditionally, the structural and functional properties of RNA are closely linked to gene expression. However, RNA-based enzymes, called ribozymes, are also involved in catalysis and small RNAs regulate key cellular processes, such as cell growth, division, differentiation, aging and death. RNA is a sensitive macromolecule that can be easily damaged by environmental conditions (ultraviolet radiation, oxidative stress) and biological factors (ribonucleases, ribotoxins, CRISPR-Cas systems). Therefore, cells have developed mechanisms to protect and/or repair RNA molecules. This book presents an overview of the biology of RNA damage, protection and repair in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Individual chapters cover the expression regulation, enzymology and physiological role of such systems, and link them to important human diseases such as cancer and degenerative diseases.
Download or read book Rna based Mechanisms In Cancer written by Gary Brewer and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2023-10-12 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The roles of gene transcription in cancer have long been appreciated. However, posttranscriptional processes also contribute significantly to alterations in gene expression that lead to tumor initiation, formation, and progression.We have known for decades that alterations in the expression of key genes, such as those involved in cell proliferation, signaling, apoptosis, and immune responses, are major molecular events in cancer. This book presents our current understanding of selected posttranscriptional control mechanisms and the RNAs that they regulate. Each chapter provides an overview of a specific RNA-directed regulatory system and the RNA/protein factors involved, then discusses major findings in the field and their relationships to the development and/or treatment of cancer and associated diseases. Future questions serve to address 'where do we go from here' and stimulate the reader's thinking about these important problems.This compendium of chapters from experts in the field is essential reading for anyone interested in the myriad ways that RNAs contribute to tumorigenesis: from graduate students, researchers, and clinical scientists interested in mRNA processing and translation, RNA-binding proteins that promote turnover/stability of specific mRNAs, how small noncoding RNAs control inflammation and signaling, roles of the epitranscriptome, and future and emerging RNA-based, anti-tumor therapeutics.
Download or read book The Biology of mRNA Structure and Function written by Marlene Oeffinger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-06 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview on the different aspects of gene regulation from an mRNA centric viewpoint, including how mRNA is assembled and self-assembles in a complex consisting of RNA and proteins, and how its ability to be translated at the right time and space depends on many processes acting on the mRNAs, leading to a properly folded complex. This book shows how new technologies have led to a better understanding of these processes and their connected diseases.The book is written for scientists in fundamental and applied biomedical research working on different aspects of gene regulation. It is also targeted to an audience that is not implicated in these fields directly, but wants to gain a better understanding of mRNA biology.
Download or read book Biology of the NMDA Receptor written by Antonius M. VanDongen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-10-29 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NMDA receptor plays a critical role in the development of the central nervous system and in adult neuroplasticity, learning, and memory. Therefore, it is not surprising that this receptor has been widely studied. However, despite the importance of rhythms for the sustenance of life, this aspect of NMDAR function remains poorly studied. Written
Download or read book Advances in Cancer Research written by George F. Vande Woude and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-10-16 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Cancer Research
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Signal Transduction written by Johannes Lukas Bos and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains overviews of topics that have been discussed. It includes contributions from leading experts in the field on small GTPases, protein kinesis, receptors and transcription factors. A particular focus was the influence of oxygen radicals on signalling processes. It also contains the contributions of scientists early in their career, who have made an excellent contribution to the institute.
