Download or read book Atlas of the World s Languages in Danger written by Christopher Moseley and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Languages are not only tools of communication, they also reflect a view of the world. Languages are vehicles of value systems and cultural expressions and are an essential component of the living heritage of humanity. Yet, many of them are in danger of disappearing. UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger tries to raise awareness on language endangerment. This third edition has been completely revised and expanded to include new series of maps and new points of view.

Download or read book Atlas of the World s Languages written by R.E. Asher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the first appearance of the Atlas of the World's Languages in 1993, all the world's languages had never been accurately and completely mapped. The Atlas depicts the location of every known living language, including languages on the point of extinction. This fully revised edition of the Atlas offers: up-to-date research, some from fieldwork in early 2006 a general linguistic history of each section an overview of the genetic relations of the languages in each section statistical and sociolinguistic information a large number of new or completely updated maps further reading and a bibliography for each section a cross-referenced language index of over 6,000 languages. Presenting contributions from international scholars, covering over 6,000 languages and containing over 150 full-colour maps, the Atlas of the World's Languages is the definitive reference resource for every linguistic and reference library.

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of the Philippines written by Artemio R. Guillermo and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Historical Dictionary of the Philippines, Third Edition contains a chronology, an introductory essay, an extensive bibliography, and several hundred cross-referenced dictionary entries.

Download or read book Arabic For Dummies written by Amine Bouchentouf and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-23 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regarded as one of the most difficult languages to learn for native English speakers by the U.S. State Department, Arabic is gaining both prominence and importance in America. Recent world events have brought more and more Americans and other English speakers into contact with Arabic-speaking populations, and governments and businesses are increasingly aware of the importance of basic Arabic language skills. Arabic for Dummies provides you with a painless and fun way to start communicating in Arabic. Why should you learn Arabic? Well, besides the fact that over 200 million people in more than 22 nations use it to communicate, there are tons of reasons to get up to speed this 1,400 year old language, including: Nearly all of the Middle-East speaks Arabic or one of its dialects Basic Arabic skills are extremely useful for anyone traveling to, doing business in, or serving in the Middle East It is the language in which the Koran is written There is a rich, centuries-old literary tradition in Arabic Arabic For Dummies presents the language in the classic, laid-back For Dummies style. Taking a relaxed approach to this difficult language, it’s packed with practice dialogues and communication tips that will have you talking the talk in no time. You’ll get the scoop on: The Arabic alphabet, pronunciation, basic grammar, and the rules of transliteration The history of the language and information on classical Arabic and its dialects How to make small talk and make yourself understood when dining, shopping, or traveling around town How to communicate on the phone and in business conversations Handy words and phrases for dealing with money, directions, hotels, transportation, and emergencies Arabic culture and etiquette, including ten things you should never do in Arabic countries The book also includes an Arabic-English dictionary, verb tables, and an audio CD with dialogues from the book to help you perfect your pronunciation. Written by a native Arabic speaker who helped start a year-round Arabic department at Middlebury College, Arabic For Dummies is just what you need to start making yourself understood in Arabic. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

Download or read book Practice Makes Perfect Arabic Vocabulary written by Jane Wightwick and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2012-11-02 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Go beyond Marhaba and add thousands of words and expressions to your Arabic vocabulary To communicate comfortably in Arabic, you need easy access to a variety of words and expressions. In Practice Makes Perfect: Arabic Vocabulary you get the tools you need to expand your lexicon and sharpen your speaking and writing skills. And how do you do this? PRACTICE, PRACTICE, PRACTICE! Each chapter of this comprehensive book focuses on a theme, such as family, food, or travel, so you can build your language skills in a systematic manner. As you lay the foundation for a burgeoning vocabulary, you will be able to weave your way in and out of English and Arabic to gain the confidence you need to communicate with ease. Practice Makes Perfect: Arabic Vocabulary offers you: Thousands of new words and expressions More than 250 fun exercises Handy cultural and social tips and an insight into Arab life An answer key to gauge your comprehension With help from this book, you can easily communicate in Arabic about: Education, careers, and skills * Vacations and adventures * Culture, society, and traditions * Cooking and recipes * Your neighborhood and home * Your family and friends * Environmental issues * Crime, justice, and politics . . . and much more

Download or read book Electronic Lexicography written by Sylviane Granger and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together leading professional and academic lexicographers to report on current developments in the deployment of electronic means in the planning, writing, and dissemination of dictionaries. Every major aspect of electronic lexicography is covered by the book including dictionary types (general and specialized dictionaries, monolingual and multilingual dictionaries, collocation dictionaries, sign dictionaries, collaborative dictionaries) in a range of formats (CD-ROM, web-based, handheld), dictionary-writing systems, integration of corpora, The book also addresses the implications of electronic dictionary-making for lexicographic theory and illustrates how the new developments are integrated into innovative dictionary projects like Wiktionary. The perspective of the user is considered throughout the book, including how electronic dictionaries take account of user needs and whether and how users take advantages of the new features afforded by the electronic medium. This state-of-the-art account of developments in one of the most vibrant areas of reference publishing and language research will appeal to everyone concerned with current lexicography.

Download or read book Communist Parties in the Middle East written by Taylor & Francis Group and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-06-30 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Communist Parties in the Middle East: 100 Years of History One hundred years since the Russian Revolution, Communist parties have undergone great changes, in an evolution that has affected the entire Left and the social movements. Given that the impact of Communist parties and their evolution in the Middle East is a topic that has not been widely researched, Communist parties in the Middle East. 100 years of history aims to cover a century in the lives of these parties, from the moment the Communist ideology first reached the region in the early 20th century (brought by activists from minority groups) and the creation of the first parties and trades unions after the 1917 revolution, right up to the upheaval caused by the dissolution of the USSR and, more recently, the Arab Spring. The book has been designed to offer a unique, updated and comprehensive study of Communist parties in the Middle East, based on both a theoretical framework of analysis and substantial empirical research and archive documentation. Several issues are examined in this work. When the Russian Revolution took place, the Middle Eastern region as a whole was under colonial control. This meant taking decisions related to the relationship between the class struggle and the national struggle. The composition of the communist parties in the Middle East is also analysed as is their role as the vanguard -understood in the broad sense of the word- in relation to the objectives of liberation, emancipation, revolution and system change or reform, and their connection to mass or popular movements. Furthermore, the volume looks back at the dependency or autonomy of communist parties during the Cold War and the tensions that this generated in them, as well as the search for individual constructions of communism that took into account cultural characteristics and the local context of the struggle. In this respect, one of the recurring themes in the work is the relationship between communist activism and the sectors that mobilized in the name of nationalism or political Islam. Finally, the chapters trace the history of the parties, including -for the first time in the literature- the post-Cold War period and continuing to the current situation, in which communist parties occupy a residual position in the political field, sharing space with other small groups from the real Left, new programmes adapted to neoliberal advancement in the region and the new mobilizations symbolized by the uprisings of 2010-2011. The first section of the book presents the evolution of the CPs in Iran, Turkey, Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine and Israel, Egypt, South Yemen, Sudan, Algeria and Morocco. The second section explores some cross-cutting issues that have affected relations between the communist parties and other political sectors: political Islam and the New Left. Through the testimony of some leading figures, it presents the arguments around the question of gender in the Arab world and in leftist circles as well as an example of the evolution of a female leftist activist, some contradictions and the prominent debates from the most convulsive years to the present.

Download or read book How to Learn Arabic written by Adam Yacoub and published by eBookIt.com. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just, 20% of the words in a language make up to 80% of the conversations we face in our daily life. You'll have a solid base and the ability to keep improving and developing yourself. This method is suitable for everyone from frequent travelers to first timers, as well as language students and enthusiasts. 'Let's Talk Arabic' is the faster and easier way to learn this language as it is: * 15 step-by-step lessons * Practical vocabulary and authentic everyday usage * Simple explanations and plenty of examples and exercises * Supported by Pictures, two colors texts * A grammar reference sections An effective guide teaches you everything you need to know about Arabic culture. There are simple step-by-step explanations, plenty of practice talking exercises. No previous knowledge of Arabic is assumed. - The book teaches the basics of Modern Standard Arabic using a simple and effective building-block method which is proven, simple, solid and reliable, as it has been successful for few years! - The book includes everything you need for the Beginner's level- vocabulary, grammar, culture, and practice, and English - Arabic - English dictionary. This book will teach you the basics of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which is the modernization of the Classical Arabic structures, as well as additions from the main dialects spoken all over the Arab world. - The book is supported by audio lessons, facebook page, and website.

Download or read book Modern Arabic Short Stories written by Ronak Husni and published by Saqi. This book was released on 2012-02-13 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stories collected here are by leading authors of the short story form in the Middle East today. In addition to works by writers already wellknown in the West, such as Idwar al-Kharrat, Fu'ad al-Takarli and Nobel Prize winner Najib Mahfuz, the collection includes stories by key authors whose fame has hitherto been restricted to the Middle East. This bilingual reader is ideal for students of Arabic as well as lovers of literature who wish to broaden their appreciation of the work of Middle Eastern writers. The collection features stories in the original Arabic, accompanied by an English translation and a brief author biography, as well as a discussion of context and background. Each story is followed by a glossary and discussion of problematic language points. 'Recommended' CHOICE

Download or read book All Strangers Are Kin written by Zora O'Neill and published by HMH. This book was released on 2016-06-14 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An American woman determined to learn the Arabic language travels to the Middle East to pursue her dream in this “witty memoir” (Us Weekly). The shadda is the key difference between a pigeon (hamam) and a bathroom (hammam). Be careful, our professor advised, that you don’t ask a waiter, ‘Excuse me, where is the pigeon?’—or, conversely, order a roasted toilet . . . If you’ve ever studied a foreign language, you know what happens when you first truly and clearly communicate with another person. As Zora O’Neill recalls, you feel like a magician. If that foreign language is Arabic, you just might feel like a wizard. They say that Arabic takes seven years to learn and a lifetime to master. O’Neill had put in her time. Steeped in grammar tomes and outdated textbooks, she faced an increasing certainty that she was not only failing to master Arabic, but also driving herself crazy. She took a decade-long hiatus, but couldn’t shake her fascination with the language or the cultures it had opened up to her. So she decided to jump back in—this time with a new approach. In this book, she takes us along on her grand tour through the Middle East, from Egypt to the United Arab Emirates to Lebanon and Morocco. She’s packed her dictionaries, her unsinkable sense of humor, and her talent for making fast friends of strangers. From quiet, bougainvillea-lined streets to the lively buzz of crowded medinas, from families’ homes to local hotspots, she brings a part of the world thousands of miles away right to your door—and reminds us that learning another tongue leaves you rich with so much more than words. “You will travel through countries and across centuries, meeting professors and poets, revolutionaries, nomads, and nerds . . . [A] warm and hilarious book.” —Annia Ciezadlo, author of Day of Honey “Her tale of her ‘Year of Speaking Arabic Badly’ is a genial and revealing pleasure.” —The Seattle Times

Download or read book Practice Makes Perfect Arabic Verb Tenses written by Jane Wightwick and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 2012-04-06 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practice your way to Arabic fluency Practice Makes Perfect: Arabic Verb Tenses goes beyond other verb books to coach you in when and why verb tenses are used. You will find clear and concise explanations that pinpoint why specific tenses work in given situations as well as tons of engaging examples and numerous skill-building exercises. Combine those features with the renowned Practice Makes Perfect format and you have the ideal reference/workbook to learn to speak and write Arabic with fluency. Inside you'll find: Example sentences that illustrate and clarify each grammatical point A variety of exercises for practice with an answer key for instant feedback and reference Practical and high-frequency vocabulary used throughout

Download or read book Global Guidance Principles for Life Cycle Assessment Databases written by Guido Sonnemann and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication provides guidance principles for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) databases; this includes how to collect raw data, how to develop datasets and how to manage databases. It also addresses questions concerning data documentation and review, coordination among databases, capacity building and future scenarios. LCA databases provide fundamental energy, materials, land, water consumption data and emissions data into water, air and soil for a wide range of processes, products and materials. In this way the publication provides the bridge between the data users and the data providers, making basic information easily accessible for computing the environmental footprints of materials and products that are key to make and judge green claims and to allow institutional and individual consumers to make informed consumption choices.

Download or read book Life Cycle Impact Assessment written by Michael Z. Hauschild and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-24 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a detailed presentation of the principles and practice of life cycle impact assessment. As a volume of the LCA compendium, the book is structured according to the LCIA framework developed by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)passing through the phases of definition or selection of impact categories, category indicators and characterisation models (Classification): calculation of category indicator results (Characterisation); calculating the magnitude of category indicator results relative to reference information (Normalisation); and converting indicator results of different impact categories by using numerical factors based on value-choices (Weighting). Chapter one offers a historical overview of the development of life cycle impact assessment and presents the boundary conditions and the general principles and constraints of characterisation modelling in LCA. The second chapter outlines the considerations underlying the selection of impact categories and the classification or assignment of inventory flows into these categories. Chapters three through thirteen exploreall the impact categories that are commonly included in LCIA, discussing the characteristics of each followed by a review of midpoint and endpoint characterisation methods, metrics, uncertainties and new developments, and a discussion of research needs. Chapter-length treatment is accorded to Climate Change; Stratospheric Ozone Depletion; Human Toxicity; Particulate Matter Formation; Photochemical Ozone Formation; Ecotoxicity; Acidification; Eutrophication; Land Use; Water Use; and Abiotic Resource Use. The final two chapters map out the optional LCIA steps of Normalisation and Weighting.

Download or read book Juba Arabic for Beginners written by Richard L. Watson and published by SIL International. This book was released on 2018-02-19 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Juba Arabic is an Arabic creole closely related to Kinubi. It began developing in the Equatoria Region of what is now South Sudan over 100 years ago, and spread widely, now being the spoken lingua franca of the region. It has become so well established that expatriates working in Equatoria often find themselves in situations in which neither English nor Khartoum colloquial Arabic is adequate for communication. Juba Arabic for Beginners was originally prepared by SIL as a language course for the communication needs of its own personnel, but other people needing to communicate in Juba have found it invaluable. The present course was adapted from the excellent Sudanese Colloquial Arabic for Beginners (Andrew and Janet Persson, with Ahmad Hussein) in general format with its 30 dialogues. However, due to important linguistic and cultural differences, five additional lessons relevant to southern culture are included. This course is written in a Romanized orthography and represents a widespread dialect of Juba Arabic. Over the past 30 years, the course has served, and continues to serve, personnel of a number of expatriate organizations.

Download or read book How to Speak Arabic written by Adam Yacoub and published by eBookIt.com. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just, 20% of the words in a language make up to 80% of the conversations we face in our daily life. You'll have a solid base and the ability to keep improving and developing yourself. This method is suitable for everyone from frequent travelers to first timers, as well as language students and enthusiasts. 'Let's Talk Arabic' is the faster and easier way to learn this language as it is: * 15 step-by-step lessons * Practical vocabulary and authentic everyday usage * Simple explanations and plenty of examples and exercises * Supported by Pictures, two colors texts * A grammar reference sections An effective guide teaches you everything you need to know about Arabic culture. There are simple step-by-step explanations, plenty of practice talking exercises. No previous knowledge of Arabic is assumed. - The book teaches the basics of Modern Standard Arabic using a simple and effective building-block method which is proven, simple, solid and reliable, as it has been successful for few years! - The book includes everything you need for the Beginner's level- vocabulary, grammar, culture, and practice, and English - Arabic - English dictionary. This book will teach you the basics of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which is the modernization of the Classical Arabic structures, as well as additions from the main dialects spoken all over the Arab world. - The book is supported by audio lessons, facebook page, and website.

Download or read book Interactive Writing written by Andrea McCarrier and published by F&p Professional Books and Mul. This book was released on 2018-08-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interactive Writing is specifically focused on the early phases of writing, and has special relevance to prekindergarten, kindergarten, grade 1 and 2 teachers.

Download or read book E Lexicography written by Pedro A. Fuertes-Olivera and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at current research and future directions in e-lexicography. Online dictionaries and reference tools are increasingly prevalent in a digitized and internet-led era in language study that has embraced computational linguistics. This book responds with theoretical and practical analysis of key topics, from a global range of contributors. Since COBUILD in the 1980s, lexicographers have found it essential to engage with and utilize electronic computational tools. Internet dictionaries, online reference tools and even search engine optimization demand a knowledge of electronic lexicography and force a reassessment of the field. This volume looks at, amongst other topics: • Polyfunctional versus monofunctional dictionary tools • Developing theories of lexicography for electronic mediums • Distinguishing between the database and the dictionary • Online dictionaries not as data repositories but as sophisticated search engines This volume will appeal to scholars in lexicography and to practicing lexicographers.