Download or read book The Two Maps of Europe Annotated written by Hilaire Belloc and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2017-12-31 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an annotated version of the book 1. contains an updated biography of the author at the end of the book for a better understanding of the text. 2. This book has been checked and corrected for spelling errors It is everywhere admitted that the result of the great war must be either, upon the whole, to produce a new map of Europe upon the German model, or a new map of Europe upon the model suitable to the ideas of the Allies. By this it is not meant that either ideal will be completely reached, but that in the settlement one or the other will certainly preponderate. Indeed, it is in the struggle between these two new maps of Europe as ideals that the motive of the war consists. Now, before attempting to determine in a graphic fashion what those two ideals are--before, that is, trying to draw two maps which shall represent respectively the German goal and the goal of the Allies, we must lay down certain postulates which are not always recognized but which are certainly true. Unless we recognize their truth we shall come to accept wild statements, and to be frightened of those ridiculous prophecies which propose the extermination of Germany on the one hand, or the rule of the German government over England or France on the other. I. The first of these postulates is that a modern European nation no longer desires to _annex_ white men in Europe, and the territory they inhabit. The example of Alsace-Lorraine alone has proved a sufficient lesson; the continued vitality of Poland after a hundred years has proved another, and even the difficulties of the Austro-Hungarian governments, with their subject races, a third. This does not mean that a modern European government would not annex in any circumstance. The possession of some all-important military or commercial point might occasionally make the perilous experiment worth while. But it means that the idea of annexation as an obvious corollary to military success has disappeared. II. The second postulate is as follows: It is universally recognized--by the Germans quite as much as by ourselves--that the political boundaries so long established in Europe hardly ever correspond to exact national groupings, and very often violently conflict with the realities of national life. No one is so foolish, for instance, as to pretend that the Finnish provinces of Russia are not quite separate from the rest of the Czar's dominions in tradition, and consciousness, and habit, and all the rest that makes a nation. No one in England now denies the existence of an Irish nationality. No one, to take an Eastern case, would pretend that the Serbian feeling of nationality was not very real, and was very far from being contained by the present boundaries of Serbia. The excuse for the old point of view--the point of view that political boundaries were sufficient and that the true nationalities which they cut through or suppressed might be neglected--was that in time, with the modern rapidity of communication and the power of the modern State, these divergent elements would be _absorbed_, or _digested into_, the greater nationality which governed them. But experience has falsified this very reasonable conception. It has been found not only that this transformation did not take place, but even that the old real nationalities were actually getting stronger. Poland, for instance, artificially cut through by the German, Austrian, and Russian frontiers, did seem for a time as though it were going to spring into a Russian, a German, and an Austrian type of Polish men; and in the latter case, that of Austria, some considerable advance was made towards such a result. But generations passed, and the process did not continue; on the contrary, the tide began to set backwards, and the conception of a united Poland is far stronger to-day even in the small and successful Austrian portion of Poland than it was thirty years ago.
Download or read book WORLD REGIONAL GEOGRAPHY PRODUCT ID 23958336 written by CAITLIN. FINLAYSON and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ethnic Cleansing During the Cold War written by Tomasz Kamusella and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In mid-1989, the Bulgarian communist regime seeking to prop up its legitimacy played the ethnonational card by expelling 360,000 Turks and Muslims across the Iron Curtain to neighboring Turkey. It was the single largest ethnic cleansing during the Cold War in Europe after the wrapping up of the postwar expulsions (‘population transfers’) of ethnic Germans from Central Europe in the latter half of the 1940s. Furthermore, this expulsion of Turks and Muslims from Bulgaria was the sole unilateral act of ethnic cleansing that breached the Iron Curtain. The 1989 ethnic cleansing was followed by an unprecedented return of almost half of the expellees, after the collapse of the Bulgarian communist regime. The return, which partially reversed the effects of this ethnic cleansing, was the first-ever of its kind in history. Despite the unprecedented character of this 1989 expulsion and the subsequent return, not a single research article, let alone a monograph, has been devoted to these momentous developments yet. However, the tragic events shape today’s Bulgaria, while the persisting attempts to suppress the remembrance of the 1989 expulsion continue sharply dividing the country’s inhabitants. Without remembering about this ethnic cleansing it is impossible to explain the fall of the communist system in Bulgaria and the origins of ethnic cleansing during the Yugoslav wars. Faltering Yugoslavia’s future ethnic cleansers took a good note that neither Moscow nor Washington intervened in neighboring Bulgaria to stop the 1989 expulsion, which in light of international law was then still the legal instrument of ‘population transfer.’ The as yet unhealed wound of the 1989 ethnic cleansing negatively affects the Bulgaria’s relations with Turkey and the European Union. It seems that the only way out of this debilitating conundrum is establishing a truth and reconciliation commission that at long last would ensure transitional justice for all Bulgarians irrespective of language, religion or ethnicity.
Download or read book The Map of Europe by Treaty Showing the Various Political and Territorial Changes Which Have Taken Place Since the General Peace of 1814 With Numerous Maps and Notes written by Edward Hertslet and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-03-18 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1875.
Download or read book The Map of Europe by Treaty written by Edward Hertslet and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-12-23 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1875.
Download or read book Map Skills Europe eBook written by R. Scott House and published by Lorenz Educational Press. This book was released on 2010-09-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore the varied features of the European continent while reinforcing basic map reading skills. Sixteen student pages and accompanying blackline and full-color maps coordinate to provide a relational study of the elevation, vegetation, products, population, and peoples of Europe. Full-color maps are provided as transparencies for print books and PowerPoint slides for eBooks. Student pages challenge students to combine maps and additional resources in order to answer questions and make judgments. Question topics follow the Five Themes of Geography as outlined by the National Geographic Society: finding absolute and relative locations on a map, relating physical and human characteristics to an area, understanding human relationships to the environment, tracing movement of peoples and goods throughout an area, and organizing countries and continents into regions for detailed study.
Download or read book The Historical Geography of Europe Vol 2 of 2 written by Edward Augustus Freeman and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-29 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Historical Geography of Europe, Vol. 2 of 2: Maps LXV. The spanish kingdoms, and their eur dependencies under charles the fifth. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book The Map of Europe by Treaty written by Edward Hertslet and published by Arkose Press. This book was released on 2015-10-03 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work.This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book The Encyclopaedia Britannica written by and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 1026 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Academy and Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1880 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Encyclop dia Britannica written by Hugh Chisholm and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 1020 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Journal of Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1895 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contemporary Ukraine on the Cultural Map of Europe written by Larissa M. L. Zaleska Onyshkevych and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of a 'return to Europe' has been integral to the movement for Ukrainian national rebirth since the nineteenth century. While the goal of a more fully reformed politics remains elusive, numerous expressions of Ukrainian culture continue to develop in the European spirit. This wide-ranging book explores Ukraine's European cultural connection, especially as it has been reestablished since the country achieved independence in 1991. The contributors discusses many aspects of Ukraine's contemporary culture - history, politics, and religion in Part I; literary culture in Part II; and language, popular culture, and the arts in Part III. What emerges is a fascinating picture of a young country grappling with its divided past and its colonial heritage, yet asserting its voice and preferences amid the diverse and at times conflicting realities of the contemporary political scene. Europe becomes a powerful point of reference, a measure against which the situation in post-independence Ukraine is gouged and debated. This framework allows for a better understanding of the complexities deeply ingrained in the social fabric of Ukrainian society.
Download or read book A Road Map to the Development of European SME Networks written by Agostino Villa and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-03 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent European Commission studies recall the urgency of promoting new and more robust Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs), due to the rise of enormous global markets and the emergence of a new industrial system originating from the distinctly different business culture of the Far East. A “road map” for the survival of SMEs in Europe must be based on an accurate analysis of the most significant causes behind the weaknesses of SMEs. Several research projects conclude that SMEs must join together to create “networks”. Yet the majority of the existing networks suffer from a lack of real coordination: it is clear that a method for analyzing the governance of the network and its collaboration efficiency is essential for assuring effective performance. “A Road Map to the Development of European SME Networks” addresses this task: describing the method of analysis, allowing comparisons to be made between SME networks in different European countries, and providing information on a supporting web site.
Download or read book Film and Television Collections in Europe the MAP TV Guide written by Daniela Kirchner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MAP-TV Guide to film and television collections in Europe provides detailed information on almost 2,000 sources and archives of film and television in over forty European countries. This authoritative volume includes: the title listing of each collection both in English and the local language; research information; a subject and keyword index; an introduction to the collections in each country. This work will be of importance to all film researchers, production companies, film makers, archivists and reference librarians.
Download or read book The Encyclopaedia Britannica written by Hugh Chisholm and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 1998 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Europe and the British Geographical Imagination 1760 1830 written by Paul Stock and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-03 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe and the British Geographical Imagination, 1760-1830 explores what literate British people understood by the word 'Europe' in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Was Europe unified by shared religious heritage? Where were the edges of Europe? Was Europe primarily a commercial network or were there common political practices too? Was Britain itself a European country? While intellectual history is concerned predominantly with prominent thinkers, Paul Stock traces the history of ideas in non-elite contexts, offering a detailed analysis of nearly 350 geographical reference works, textbooks, dictionaries, and encyclopaedias, which were widely read by literate Britons of all classes, and can reveal the formative ideas about Europe circulating in Britain: ideas about religion; the natural environment; race and other theories of human difference; the state; borders; the identification of the 'centre' and 'edges' of Europe; commerce and empire; and ideas about the past, progress, and historical change. By showing how these and other questions were discussed in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century British culture, Europe and the British Geographical Imagination, 1760-1830 provides a thorough and much-needed historical analysis of Britain's enduringly complex intellectual relationship with Europe.
