Download or read book Greece in the 1940s written by Hagen Fleischer and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Greece 1940 1949 Occupation Resistance Civil War written by Richard Clogg and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2002-10-23 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the decade of the 1940s Greece experienced harsh German/Italian/Bulgarian occupation, the emergence of a powerful resistance movement and civil war between communist and nationalists. This critical period in the country's modern history is graphically illustrated through contemporary documents, many of them translated from Greek, many of them difficult to access. This annotated documentary collection, which is prefaced by a substantial introduction, affords a penetrating insight into the history of the 1940s from a variety of perspectives.
Download or read book Diary of a Disaster written by Robin Higham and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2014-07-11 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On October 28, 1940, the Italian army under Benito Mussolini invaded Greece. The British had insisted on guaranteeing Greek and Turkish neutrality, despite the fact that Greece was never more than a limited campaign in an unlimited war as far as they were concerned. The British, however, were never quite sure that Greece was not their last foothold in Europe, and they harbored dreams of holding on to this last bastion of civilization and of protecting it with a diplomatic and military alliance -- a Balkan bloc. These dreams bore little relation to military and economic realities, and so the stage was set for tragedy. In Diary of a Disaster, Robin Higham details the unfolding events from the invasion, though the Italian defeat and the subsequent German invasion, until the British evacuation at the end of April 1941. The Greek army, while tough, was small and based largely upon reserves. They were also largely equipped with obsolete French, Polish, and Czech arms for which there was now no other source than captured Italian materiel. Transportation was also lacking as Greece lacked all-weather roads over much of the country, had no all-weather airport, and only one rail line connecting Athens with Salonika and Florina in the north. Added to the woes of the Greek military, the British commander-in-chief for the Middle East, Sir Archibald Wavell, faced huge logistical challenges as well. Based in Cairo, he was responsible for a huge theatre of operation, from hostile Vichy French forces in Syria to the Boers in South Africa nearly six thousand miles away. His air force was comprised of only a handful of modern aircraft with biplanes and outdated, early monoplanes making up the bulk of his force. Radar was also unavailable to him. His navy was woefully short on destroyers and often incommunicado while at sea. While Wavell had roughly 500,000 men under his command, he was severely limited in how he could use them. The South Africans could only be deployed in East Africa and the Austrians and New Zealanders could not be employed without the consent of their home governments. In short, Churchill had instructed Wavell to offer support that he did not really have and could not afford to give to the Greeks. Higham walks readers through these events as they unfold like a modern Greek tragedy. Using the format of a diary, he recounts day-by-day the British efforts though the failure of Operation Lustre, which no one outside of London thought had any chance of stemming the Nazi tide in Greece.
Download or read book Greece in the 1940s written by Modern Greek Studies Association and published by Hanover : University Press of New England. This book was released on 1981 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The German Campaigns in the Balkans spring 1941 written by and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diary of a Disaster written by Robin Higham and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On October 28, 1940, the Italian army under Benito Mussolini invaded Greece. The British had insisted on guaranteeing Greek and Turkish neutrality, despite the fact that Greece was never more than a limited campaign in an unlimited war as far as they were concerned. The British, however, were never quite sure that Greece was not their last foothold in Europe, and they harbored dreams of holding on to this last bastion of civilization and of protecting it with a diplomatic and military alliance—a Balkan bloc. These dreams bore little relation to military and economic realities, and so the stage was set for tragedy. In Diary of a Disaster, Robin Higham details the unfolding events from the invasion, though the Italian defeat and the subsequent German invasion, until the British evacuation at the end of April 1941. The Greek army, while tough, was small and based largely upon reserves. They were also largely equipped with obsolete French, Polish, and Czech arms for which there was now no other source than captured Italian materiel. Transportation was also lacking as Greece lacked all-weather roads over much of the country, had no all-weather airport, and only one rail line connecting Athens with Salonika and Florina in the north. Added to the woes of the Greek military, the British commander-in-chief for the Middle East, Sir Archibald Wavell, faced huge logistical challenges as well. Based in Cairo, he was responsible for a huge theatre of operation, from hostile Vichy French forces in Syria to the Boers in South Africa nearly six thousand miles away. His air force was comprised of only a handful of modern aircraft with biplanes and outdated, early monoplanes making up the bulk of his force. Radar was also unavailable to him. His navy was woefully short on destroyers and often incommunicado while at sea. While Wavell had roughly 500,000 men under his command, he was severely limited in how he could use them. The South Africans could only be deployed in East Africa and the Austrians and New Zealanders could not be employed without the consent of their home governments. In short, Churchill had instructed Wavell to offer support that he did not really have and could not afford to give to the Greeks. Higham walks readers through these events as they unfold like a modern Greek tragedy. Using the format of a diary, he recounts day-by-day the British efforts though the failure of Operation Lustre, which no one outside of London thought had any chance of stemming the Nazi tide in Greece.
Download or read book Greece the Decade of War written by David Brewer and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-28 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, acclaimed history David Brewer investigates explores 1940s Greece -- one of the most tumultuous decades in Greece's modern history. Beginning in 1941, the occupation of Greece by Germany was intensely brutal: children starved on the streets of Athens; the Jewish population was decimated in the Holocaust; heroic acts of resistance were met with vicious reprisals. When Greece was finally freed from Nazi rule in 1944, the fractured and embittered nation became engulfed in civil war, as conflict flared between the British and American-sponsored government and communist-led rebels. In Greece, The Decade of War, Brewer expertly analyses these events and in doing so provides a compelling military and political history.
Download or read book Greece 1940 41 Eyewitnessed written by Kōstas N. Chatzēpateras and published by Efstathiadis Group/Bay Foreing Langua. This book was released on 1995 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of a forgotten epic. It is the story of Greece's defiance of the Axis powers in 1940-41 by opposing Mussolini's mighty forces with a comparatively small army, yet with fierce determination worthy of the classical Greek tradition. The book is an anthology of oral and written testimonies of survivors supported by diaries, poems, photos, sketches and authentic material.
Download or read book After the War Was Over written by Mark M. Mazower and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-29 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume makes available some of the most exciting research currently underway into Greek society after Liberation. Together, its essays map a new social history of Greece in the 1940s and 1950s, a period in which the country grappled--bloodily--with foreign occupation and intense civil conflict. Extending innovative historical approaches to Greece, the contributors explore how war and civil war affected the family, the law, and the state. They examine how people led their lives, as communities and individuals, at a time of political polarization in a country on the front line of the Cold War's division of Europe. And they advance the ongoing reassessment of what happened in postwar Europe by including regional and village histories and by examining long-running issues of nationalism and ethnicity. Previously neglected subjects--from children and women in the resistance and in prisons to the state use of pageantry--yield fresh insights. By focusing on episodes such as the problems of Jewish survivors in Salonika, memories of the Bulgarian occupation of northern Greece, and the controversial arrest of a war criminal, these scholars begin to answer persistent questions about war and its repercussions. How do people respond to repression? How deep are ethnic divisions? Which forms of power emerge under a weakened state? When forced to choose, will parents sacrifice family or ideology? How do ordinary people surmount wartime grievances to live together? In addition to the editor, the contributors are Eleni Haidia, Procopis Papastratis, Polymeris Voglis, Mando Dalianis, Tassoula Vervenioti, Riki van Boeschoten, John Sakkas, Lee Sarafis, Stathis N. Kalyvas, Anastasia Karakasidou, Bea Lefkowicz, Xanthippi Kotzageorgi-Zymari, Tassos Hadjianastassiou, and Susanne-Sophia Spiliotis.
Download or read book Greece 1940 1949 Occupation Resistance Civil War written by Richard Clogg and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 2002-10-23 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the decade of the 1940s Greece experienced harsh German/Italian/Bulgarian occupation, the emergence of a powerful resistance movement and civil war between communist and nationalists. This critical period in the country's modern history is graphically illustrated through contemporary documents, many of them translated from Greek, many of them difficult to access. This annotated documentary collection, which is prefaced by a substantial introduction, affords a penetrating insight into the history of the 1940s from a variety of perspectives.
Download or read book The Defence and Fall of Greece 1940 41 written by John Carr and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2013-07-02 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This military history of the WWII Battle of Greece presents a vivid and detailed account with special focus on the Greek forces defending their homeland. On October 28th, 1940, the Greek Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas refused to accept an ultimatum from Italy’s Fascist leader Benito Mussolini. Immediately upon his refusal, Italian forces began the invasion of Greece via Albania. This aggression was prompted by Mussolini's desire for a quick victory to rival Hitler's rapid conquest of France and the Low Countries. But Mussolini had underestimated the skill and determination of the defenders. Within weeks, the Italian invaders were driven back over the border and Greek forces actually advanced deep into Albania. Eventually, Hitler was forced to intervene, sending German forces into Greece via Bulgaria on April 6th. The Greeks, assisted by British forces, were overwhelmed by the Germans and their blitzkrieg tactics. After Athens fell on April 27th, the British evacuated to Crete. But the following month, German airborn troops invaded and eventually took the strategically vital island. John Carr's masterful account of these desperate campaigns draws heavily on Greek sources to emphasize the oft-neglected experience of Greeks soldiers and their contribution to the fight against fascism.
Download or read book Blood and Tears written by George Constantine Papavizas and published by Amer Hellenic Inst Foundation Incorporated. This book was released on 2002 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blood and Tears is a powerful autobiography set in the turbulent decade of 1940s Greece. Through the eyes of George Papavizas, an impressionable and intelligent young man who came of age in a time of war, foreign occupation, resistance, and civil war, we witness the tragedy and trauma suffered by an entire nation. Leaving his idyllic western Macedonian village as a teenager to begin university studies in Salonika in the fall of 1940, the author experienced the patriotic fervor that brought rare unity to the Greeks and the euphoria that swept the Hellenic nation to resounding victories against Mussolini's invading army. The nation's and Papavizas's university plans both collapsed, however, when Germany came to Italy's aid and the Greek nation was occupied by Germans, Italians, and Bulgarians for almost three years. The occupiers appropriated nearly all available resources, bringing the author and his family face to face with the grim needs of survival. For Papavizas, the first half of the 1940s consisted of the horrors of the triple occupation and the heroic armed resistance of the Greek people. This meant ruined villages and towns, including two deadly burnings of the author's village; British commandos operating from his own house; and the reappearance of the old curses of the Hellenic race -- dissension and distrust -- which eventually subverted the exhilarating harmony that prevailed during the fall of 1940, the nation's finest hour.
Download or read book Modern Greeks written by Costas Stassinopoulos and published by American Hellenic Institute. This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A gripping story of struggle and triumph in Greece in 1940s concentrating on three critical phases of Greek history: The war against the Italians and Germans; the national resistance, and the civil war that followed. Stassinopoulos fought in the heroic resistance against the fascist invaders and vividly recounts the sacrifice, honor, and successes of the Greek armed forces and the Greek guerrillas drew the admiration of the free world and kindled hope for Allied powers victory.
Download or read book Greece in the 1940s written by John O. Iatrides and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Armies of the Greek Italian War 1940 41 written by Phoebus Athanassiou and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In October 1940 an Italian army some 200,000 strong invaded Greece across its largely undefended border with Albania. Although supported by Great Britain, at first by sea and in the air and later by landing British and ANZAC troops from North Africa, Greece bore the main brunt of the six-month war. Outclassed in materiel and outnumbered, LtGen Papagos's Greek army was so successful against the Italians in north-west Greece that, by 22 November 1940, it was advancing into Italian-held Albania. This would eventually force Hitler to send in German reinforcements to support his beleaguered Italian allies, delaying his invasion of the Soviet Union. Complete with contemporary photographs and full-colour uniform plates, this fascinating study explores the history, organization, and appearance of the armies of this oft forgotten conflict.
Download or read book The Battle of Greece 1940 1941 written by Alexandros Papagos and published by Athens : Scazikis "Alpha" Editions. This book was released on 1949 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 1940s in Greece written by Source Wikipedia and published by University-Press.org. This book was released on 2013-09 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 169. Chapters: 1940 in Greece, 1941 in Greece, 1942 in Greece, 1943 in Greece, 1944 in Greece, 1945 in Greece, 1946 in Greece, 1947 in Greece, 1948 in Greece, 1949 in Greece, Greece in World War II, Greek Civil War, Greek Resistance, Military history of Greece during World War II, The Holocaust in Greece, Second Battle of El Alamein, Battle of Crete, Battle of Greece, Greco-Italian War, Refugees of the Greek Civil War, Massacre of the Acqui Division, National Liberation Front, Axis occupation of Greece during World War II, Ohrana, Adriatic Campaign of World War II, Hartwig von Ludwiger, Dodecanese Campaign, Middle East Command, Battle of Leros, Air operations during the Greek Civil War, Battle of Vevi, Greek People's Liberation Army, Haidari concentration camp, Battle of Kos, National Republican Greek League, Alois Brunner, Jurgen Stroop, Balkans Campaign, Kidnap of General Kreipe, Holocaust of Viannos, List of Greek Resistance organizations, Northern Epirus Liberation Front, Operation Harling, Battle of Pindus, Operation Albumen, Democratic Army of Greece, Holocaust of Kedros, Italian Spring Offensive, Chameria Battalion, Battle of Elaia-Kalamas, Massacre of Kondomari, SS Kurtulu, Selahattin Ulkumen, Captain Corelli's Mandolin, Capture of Klisura Pass, Paramythia executions, Panhellenic Union of Fighting Youths, Hellenic State, Razing of Kandanos, Montague Woodhouse, 5th Baron Terrington, Georgios Siantos, Battle of Morava-Ivan, Battle of Metaxas Line, Nikos Zachariadis, Damasta sabotage, Distomo massacre, The Guns of Navarone, N. G. L. Hammond, Greek legislative election, 1946, Hellmuth Felmy, Walter Schimana, Security Battalions, 117th Jager Division, Political Committee of National Liberation, Theodor Dannecker, Georgios Stanotas, Massacre of Kalavryta, Battle of Thermopylae, Greek films of the 1940s, Cretan...
